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Down the Orinoco in a Canoe
Down the Orinoco in a Canoe

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
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Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.
Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.
We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.
So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.
And possibly this may be right.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down the Orinoco in a Canoe

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.
/rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ tuː ðə leɪk ənd naʊ ˈɡæðərɪŋ ðə ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən ˈfɜːrnɪʃt baɪ dʒiˈɑːlədʒi huːz ˈsaɪlənt ˈænəlz ɑːr soʊ ˈkerfəli ənd ˈtruːθfəli rəˈkɔːrdɪd ˈbiːɪŋ æz ðeɪ ɑːr bɪˈɑːnd riːtʃ ʌv mænz ˈlɪtəl kənˈtenʃənz ənd ˈpetiː əˈdʒʌstmənts wiː faɪnd ðæt ðə ərˈɪdʒənəl leɪk ˈkʌvərd æn ˈeriə ʌv əˈbaʊt ˈsevəntifaɪv skwer maɪlz ənd əˈteɪnd ɡreɪt depθs/
Line 2
Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.
Line 3
We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.
Line 4
So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.
/soʊ fɑːr mæn hæz nɑːt səkˈsiːdɪd ɪn ˈɡræspɪŋ wɪð ˌɪnˈveriəbəl ˈækjərəsi ðə krəˈnɑːlədʒi ʌv ðə ˈædmərəbəl ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl ˈɑːrkaɪvz tuː wɪtʃ wiː hæv rəˈfɜːrd ənd ɪn ˈmætərz ʌv ðɪs kaɪnd ə dɪˈskrepənsi ʌv ə fjuː ˈhʌndrəd jɪrz mɔːr ɔːr les ɪz ækˈseptɪd æz ə ˈtraɪfəl ˈskersli wɜːrθ ˈmenʃənɪŋ/
Line 5
And possibly this may be right.
/ənd ˈpɑːsəbli ðɪs meɪ biː raɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjustments noun US /əˈdʒʌstmənts/

plural of “adjustment” — making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances

From this reading “Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.”

archives noun US /ˈɑːrkaɪvz/

collection of records especially about an institution

From this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

chronology noun US /krəˈnɑːlədʒi/

an arrangement of events in time

From this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

contentions noun US /kənˈtenʃənz/

plural of “contention” — a point asserted as part of an argument

From this reading “Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.”

discrepancy noun US /dɪˈskrepənsi/

a difference between conflicting facts or claims or opinions

From this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

geological adjective US /ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or relating to or based on geology

From this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

geology noun US /dʒiˈɑːlədʒi/

a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks

From this reading “Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.”

invariable adjective US /ˌɪnˈveriəbəl/

not liable to or capable of change

From this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

placid waters adjective + noun

In this reading “Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.”

fix the date verb + article + noun counted as “fix … date”

In this reading “We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.”

hundred years noun + noun

In this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

square miles verb + noun counted as “square mile”

an area of 640 acres

In this reading “Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.”

few hundred adjective + noun

In this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

succeeded in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.”

for centuries preposition + noun counted as “for century”

In this reading “Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.”

some places adjective + noun counted as “some place”

In this reading “Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

120

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

180

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

accuracynounUS /ˈækjərəsi/

the quality of being near to the true value

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

adjustmentsnounUS /əˈdʒʌstmənts/

plural of “adjustment” — making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstances

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

admirableadjectiveUS /ˈædmərəbəl/

deserving of the highest esteem or admiration

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

archivesnounUS /ˈɑːrkaɪvz/

collection of records especially about an institution

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

areanounUS /ˈeriə/

a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

attainedadjectiveUS /əˈteɪnd/

achieved or reached

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

beatingnounUS /ˈbiːtɪŋ/

the act of overcoming or outdoing

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

chronologynounUS /krəˈnɑːlədʒi/

an arrangement of events in time

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

contentionsnounUS /kənˈtenʃənz/

plural of “contention” — a point asserted as part of an argument

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

depthnounUS /depθ/

the extent downward or backward or inward

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

depthsnounUS /depθs/

(plural) the deepest and most remote part

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

discrepancynounUS /dɪˈskrepənsi/

a difference between conflicting facts or claims or opinions

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

drainverbUS /dreɪn/

flow off gradually

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

environing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

fixverbUS /fɪks/

restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

geologicaladjectiveUS /ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or relating to or based on geology

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

geologynounUS /dʒiˈɑːlədʒi/

a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

graspingnounUS /ˈɡræspɪŋ/

understanding with difficulty

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

invariableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbəl/

not liable to or capable of change

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

mentioningverbUS /ˈmenʃənɪŋ/

-ing form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

occurverbUS /əˈkɜːr/

come to pass

From this reading We cannot fix the date of the break in the mountains which allowed the drain to occur.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

pettyadjectiveUS /ˈpetiː/

inferior in rank or status

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

placidadjectiveUS /ˈplæsəd/

(of a body of water) free from disturbance by heavy waves

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

possiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

recordedadjectiveUS /rəˈkɔːrdɪd/

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

referredverbUS /rəˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

ReturningadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading And possibly this may be right.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

seventy-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈsevəntifaɪv/

being five more than seventy

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

triflenounUS /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

truthfullyadverbUS /ˈtruːθfəli/

with truth

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Its placid waters, beating possibly for centuries against the environing rocks, have left their marks, from which it may be seen that in some places the depth was 120 feet, and in others 180.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Returning to the lake, and now gathering the information furnished by geology, whose silent annals are so carefully and truthfully recorded (being as they are beyond reach of man’s little contentions and petty adjustments), we find that the original lake covered an area of about seventy-five square miles, and attained great depths.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading So far man has not succeeded in grasping with invariable accuracy the chronology of the admirable geological archives to which we have referred, and in matters of this kind a discrepancy of a few hundred years more or less is accepted as a trifle scarcely worth mentioning.

Chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe by Santiago Pérez Triana holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe contain?

Chapter 4 holds 71 sentences of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe by Santiago Pérez Triana exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down the Orinoco in a Canoe

Common questions about reading Down the Orinoco in a Canoe by Santiago Pérez Triana on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe?

Yes. All 1722 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50506 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50506, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 143 minutes of reading across 345 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Down the Orinoco in a Canoe section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Down the Orinoco in a Canoe

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down the Orinoco in a Canoe, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Orinoco
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canoe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cunninghame
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Orinoco in a Canoe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.