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Down the Ravine
Down the Ravine

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Down the Ravine is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Down the Ravine
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.
Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.
It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.
He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.
Rufus happened to come to the tanyard today.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down the Ravine

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Down the Ravine is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.
Line 2
Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.
Line 3
It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.
Line 4
He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.
Line 5
Rufus happened to come to the tanyard today.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agreement noun US /əˈɡriːmənt/

the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises

From this reading “Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.”

handling noun US /ˈhændlɪŋ/

manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

hides noun US /haɪdz/

plural of “hide” — the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

jogged verb US /dʒɑːɡd/

inflected form of “jog” — continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

mule noun US /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

ravine noun US /rəˈviːn/

a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

sequestered adjective US /sɪˈkwestərd/

providing privacy or seclusion

From this reading “He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.”

tardiness noun US /ˈtɑːrdinəs/

the quality or habit of not adhering to a correct or usual or expected time

From this reading “It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

agreementnounUS /əˈɡriːmənt/

the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

barknounUS /bɑːrk/

tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

bark-mill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

Birt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

clovenadjective

(used of hooves) split, divided

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

confidentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnfədənt/

having or marked by confidence or assurance

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

ConvincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

handlingnounUS /ˈhændlɪŋ/

manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Rufus happened to come to the tanyard today.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

hidesnounUS /haɪdz/

plural of “hide” — the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

joggedverbUS /dʒɑːɡd/

inflected form of “jog” — continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

Jubal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

loudadjectiveUS /laʊd/

characterized by or producing sound of great volume or intensity

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

mulenounUS /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

Nate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

Perkins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

promisedverbUS /ˈprɑːməst/

past form of “promise” — make a promise or commitment

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

ravinenounUS /rəˈviːn/

a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

Rufus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufus happened to come to the tanyard today.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

sequesteredadjectiveUS /sɪˈkwestərd/

providing privacy or seclusion

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

sworeverbUS /swɔːr/

inflected form of “swear” — utter obscenities or profanities

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

tanpit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

tanyard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

tardinessnounUS /ˈtɑːrdinəs/

the quality or habit of not adhering to a correct or usual or expected time

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

todaynounUS /təˈdeɪ/

the present time or age

From this reading Rufus happened to come to the tanyard today.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading It was later than usual, and Jubal Perkins swore at Birt for his tardiness.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He hardly heard; and as the old bark-mill ground and ground the bark, and the mule jogged around and around, and the hot sun shone, and the voices of the men handling the hides at the tanpit were loud on the air, all his thoughts were of the cool, dark, sequestered ravine, holding in its cloven heart the secret he had discovered.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Convinced that his friend was playing a false part, Birt went at once to the bark-mill in the morning, confident that he would not find Nate at work in the tanyard according to their agreement.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was Nate who had been here,--Birt felt sure of that; Nate, who had promised he would not come.

Chapter 3 of Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock holds 98 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Down the Ravine contain?

Chapter 3 holds 98 sentences of Down the Ravine, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 98 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Down the Ravine?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down the Ravine

Common questions about reading Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down the Ravine?

Yes. All 1911 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5306 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down the Ravine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5306, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Down the Ravine take to read?

About 159 minutes of reading across 383 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Down the Ravine section by section

How to work through Down the Ravine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Down the Ravine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Down the Ravine

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down the Ravine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gleaming
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scimitar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cleft
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gauzy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.