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Down the Ravine
Down the Ravine

Chapter VII

Cover illustration for Down the Ravine
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.
Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.
Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.
He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.
Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down the Ravine

Chapter VII

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.
Line 2
Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.
Line 3
Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.
Line 4
He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.
Line 5
Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.”

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.”

Despite preposition US /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.”

Forgotten adjective US /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading “Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

absorption

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

bars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

Birt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

black

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

boughs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

cattle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

chestnut-oak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

corn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

cow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

DespiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

difficult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

discovered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

drove

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

enough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

EvennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

familiar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

fence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

job

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

milked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

mountain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

paused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

put

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

reached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

remembering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

replace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

Rufe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

stray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

upward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

vagrant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

wind-tossed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.