Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Down the Ravine
Down the Ravine

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Down the Ravine is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Down the Ravine
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.
Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.
Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.
He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.
Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down the Ravine

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Down the Ravine is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.
Line 2
Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.
Line 3
Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.
Line 4
He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.
/hiː faʊnd ðə fəˈmɪljər ˈlɪtəl dʒɑːb ˈdɪfəkəlt ɪˈnʌf fɔːr ɪt siːmd tuː hɪm ðæt ðer wɑːz ˈnevər bɪˈfɔːr soʊ blæk ə naɪt/
Line 5
Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absorption noun US /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

bars noun US /bɑːrz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights

From this reading “When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.”

boughs noun US /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading “Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.”

cow noun US /kaʊ/

female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading “Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.”

milked verb US /mɪlkt/

past form of “milk” — take milk from female mammals

From this reading “Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.”

replace verb US /ˌriːˈpleɪs/

substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading “Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.”

stray verb US /streɪ/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

vagrant noun US /ˈveɪɡrənt/

a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support

From this reading “Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

absorptionnounUS /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

barsnounUS /bɑːrz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

Birt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

boughsnounUS /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

chestnut-oak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

cornnounUS /kɔːrn/

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

cownounUS /kaʊ/

female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

DespiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

fenceverbUS /fens/

enclose with a fence

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

jobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

milkedverbUS /mɪlkt/

past form of “milk” — take milk from female mammals

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

pausedverbUS /pɔːzd/

past form of “pause” — interrupt temporarily an activity before continuing

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

rememberingnounUS /rɪˈmembərɪŋ/

the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

replaceverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪs/

substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

Rufe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

strayverbUS /streɪ/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rufe had forgotten to replace them that afternoon when he drove in the cow to be milked.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

upwardadjectiveUS /ˈʌpwərd/

directed up

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

vagrantnounUS /ˈveɪɡrənt/

a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support

From this reading Despite his absorption, Birt paused to put them up, remembering the vagrant mountain cattle that might stray in upon the corn.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He found the familiar little job difficult enough, for it seemed to him that there was never before so black a night.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Birt reached the fence, he discovered that the bars were down.

wind-tossed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even looking upward, he could not see the great wind-tossed boughs of the chestnut-oak above his head.

Chapter 7 of Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Down the Ravine contain?

Chapter 7 holds 159 sentences of Down the Ravine, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Down the Ravine?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down the Ravine

Common questions about reading Down the Ravine by Charles Egbert Craddock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down the Ravine?

Yes. All 1911 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5306 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down the Ravine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5306, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Down the Ravine take to read?

About 159 minutes of reading across 383 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Down the Ravine section by section

How to work through Down the Ravine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Down the Ravine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Down the Ravine

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down the Ravine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gleaming
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scimitar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cleft
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gauzy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down the Ravine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.