Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy
Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.
Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.
They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.
The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.
Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.
/ðə er ˌɪtˈself ˈkɑːzəz rɑːks tuː ˈkrʌmbəl ˈpɜːrkəleɪtɪŋ ˈwɔːtər rɑːbz ðem ʌv ðer ˈsɑːljəbəl sɔːlts rəˈduːsɪŋ ˈiːvɪn ˈsɑːləd ˈɡrænət tuː ə luːs mæs ʌv kwɔːrts ɡreɪnz ənd kleɪ/
Line 2
Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.
/plænts ənd ˈænəməlz əbˈzɔːrb æz fuːd ðə ˈmɪnərəl ˈsʌbstənsəz ʌv rɑːks wen ðeɪ ɑːr dɪˈzɑːlvd ɪn ˈwɔːtər/
Line 3
They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.
/ðeɪ trænˈsfɔːrm ðiːz fuːd ˈeləmənts ˈɪntuː ðer oʊn ˈbɑːdi ˈsʌbstəns ənd ˈfaɪnəli ɡɪv bæk ðer ded ˈbɑːdiz ðə ˈmɪnərəl ˈsʌbstənsəz ʌv wɪtʃ ɑːr friːd baɪ dɪˈkeɪ tuː rɪˈtɜːrn tuː ðə ɜːrθ ənd bɪˈkʌm ˈeləmənts ʌv rɑːk əˈɡen/
Line 4
The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.
/ðə dɪˈkeɪ ʌv rɑːk ɪz wel ʃoʊn baɪ ðə məˈtɪriəlz ðæt əˈkjuːmjəleɪt æt ðə beɪs ʌv ə klɪf/
Line 5
Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accumulate verb US /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/

get or gather together

From this reading “The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.”

crumble verb US /ˈkrʌmbəl/

fall apart

From this reading “The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.”

percolating verb US /ˈpɜːrkəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “percolate” — permeate or penetrate gradually

From this reading “The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.”

robs verb US /rɑːbz/

third-person singular of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading “The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.”

salts noun US /sɔːlts/

plural of “salt” — a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading “The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.”

soluble adjective US /ˈsɑːljəbəl/

(of a substance) capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water)

From this reading “The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.”

strata noun US /ˈstrætə/

plural of “stratum” — one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)

From this reading “Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.”

transform verb US /trænˈsfɔːrm/

subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading “They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dead bodies adjective + noun counted as “dead body”

a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person

In this reading “They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.”

at the base preposition + article + noun counted as “at … base”

In this reading “The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.”

come from verb + particle

In this reading “Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

absorbverbUS /əbˈzɔːrb/

become imbued

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

accumulateverbUS /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/

get or gather together

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

AngularadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡjələr/

measured by an angle or by the rate of change of an angle

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

claynounUS /kleɪ/

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

cliffnounUS /klɪf/

a steep high face of rock

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

crumbleverbUS /ˈkrʌmbəl/

fall apart

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

decaynounUS /dɪˈkeɪ/

the process of gradually becoming inferior

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

dissolvedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɑːlvd/

(of solid matter) reduced to a liquid form

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

flattenedadjectiveUS /ˈflætənd/

having been flattened

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

fragmentsnounUS /ˈfræɡmənts/

plural of “fragment” — a piece broken off or cut off of something else

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

freedverbUS /friːd/

past form of “free” — grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

grainsnounUS /ɡreɪnz/

plural of “grain” — a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

granitenounUS /ˈɡrænət/

plutonic igneous rock having visibly crystalline texture; generally composed of feldspar and mica and quartz

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

juttingadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌtɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

materialsnounUS /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

mineralnounUS /ˈmɪnərəl/

solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

percolatingverbUS /ˈpɜːrkəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “percolate” — permeate or penetrate gradually

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

PlantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

quartznounUS /kwɔːrts/

colorless glass made of almost pure silica

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

reducingnounUS /rəˈduːsɪŋ/

any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

robsverbUS /rɑːbz/

third-person singular of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

rocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

saltsnounUS /sɔːlts/

plural of “salt” — a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

shaly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

sizesnounUS /ˈsaɪzəz/

plural of “size” — the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

solubleadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːljəbəl/

(of a substance) capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water)

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

stratanounUS /ˈstrætə/

plural of “stratum” — one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)

From this reading Angular fragments of all sizes, but all more or less flattened, come from strata of shaly rock, that can be seen jutting out far above.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

substancesnounUS /ˈsʌbstənsəz/

plural of “substance” — the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

transformverbUS /trænˈsfɔːrm/

subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The air itself causes rocks to crumble; percolating water robs them of their soluble salts, reducing even solid granite to a loose mass of quartz grains and clay.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The decay of rock is well shown by the materials that accumulate at the base of a cliff.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Plants and animals absorb as food the mineral substances of rocks, when they are dissolved in water.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They transform these food elements into their own body substance, and finally give back their dead bodies, the mineral substances of which are freed by decay to return to the earth, and become elements of rock again.

Chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy by Julia Ellen Rogers holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy contain?

Chapter 3 holds 414 sentences of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy by Julia Ellen Rogers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy

Common questions about reading Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy by Julia Ellen Rogers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy?

Yes. All 2946 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32598 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32598, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy take to read?

About 245 minutes of reading across 590 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy section by section

How to work through Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy

Words and structures a reader meets early in Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Library
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.