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Echoes of the War
Echoes of the War

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Echoes of the War is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Echoes of the War
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.
The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.
They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'
An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.
Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Echoes of the War

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Echoes of the War is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.
/θriː naɪs oʊld ˈleɪdiz ənd ə ˈkrɪmənəl huː ɪz ˈiːvɪn ˈnaɪsər ɑːr dɪˈskʌsɪŋ ðə wɔːr ˈoʊvər ə kʌp ʌv tiː/
Line 2
The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.
/ðə ˈkrɪmənəl huː ɪz ðə ˈhoʊstəs kɔːlz ɪt ə dɪʃ ʌv tiː wɪtʃ ʃoʊz ðæt ʃiː kʌmz frʌm ˌkæləˈdoʊniə bʌt ðæt ɪz nɑːt hɜːr kraɪm/
Line 3
They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'
Line 4
An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.
Line 5
Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Caledonia noun US /ˌkæləˈdoʊniə/

the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland

From this reading “The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.”

caretaker noun US /ˈkerteɪkər/

a custodian who is hired to take care of something (property or a person)

From this reading “An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.”

charwoman noun US /ˈtʃɑːrwʊmən/

a human female employed to do housework

From this reading “An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.”

charwomen noun US /ˈtʃɑːrwɪmən/

plural of “charwoman” — a human female employed to do housework

From this reading “They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'”

professionally adverb US /prəˈfeʃənəli/

in a professional manner

From this reading “They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'”

registrar noun US /ˈredʒɪstrɑːr/

a person employed to keep a record of the owners of stocks and bonds issued by the company

From this reading “An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.”

registry noun US /ˈredʒɪstri/

an official written record of names or events or transactions

From this reading “An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.”

winkles noun US /ˈwɪŋkəlz/

plural of “winkle” — small edible marine snail; steamed in wine or baked

From this reading “Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

ands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

buyingnounUS /ˈbaɪɪŋ/

the act of buying

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

CaledonianounUS /ˌkæləˈdoʊniə/

the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

callsnounUS /kɔːlz/

plural of “call” — a telephone connection

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

caretakernounUS /ˈkerteɪkər/

a custodian who is hired to take care of something (property or a person)

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

charwomannounUS /ˈtʃɑːrwʊmən/

a human female employed to do housework

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

charwomennounUS /ˈtʃɑːrwɪmən/

plural of “charwoman” — a human female employed to do housework

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

counternounUS /ˈkaʊntər/

table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

discussingverbUS /dɪˈskʌsɪŋ/

-ing form of “discuss” — to consider or examine in speech or writing

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

dishnounUS /dɪʃ/

a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

Dowey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

downstairsadverbUS /ˈdaʊnˈsterz/

on a floor below

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

financialadjectiveUS /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

Haggerty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

hostessnounUS /ˈhoʊstəs/

a woman host

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

inknounUS /ɪŋk/

a liquid used for printing or writing or drawing

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

invitationnounUS /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/

a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

niceadjectiveUS /naɪs/

pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

niceradjectiveUS /ˈnaɪsər/

comparative of “nice” — pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

professionallyadverbUS /prəˈfeʃənəli/

in a professional manner

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

registrarnounUS /ˈredʒɪstrɑːr/

a person employed to keep a record of the owners of stocks and bonds issued by the company

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

registrynounUS /ˈredʒɪstri/

an official written record of names or events or transactions

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

shuffledverbUS /ˈʃʌfəld/

past form of “shuffle” — walk by dragging one's feet

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

statusnounUS /ˈstætəs/

the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

teanounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

transactionsnounUS /trænˈzækʃənz/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading They are all London charwomen, but three of them, including the hostess, are what are called professionally 'charwomen _and_' or simply 'ands.'

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading An 'and' is also a caretaker when required; her name is entered as such in ink in a registry book, financial transactions take place across a counter between her and the registrar, and altogether she is of a very different social status from one who, like Mrs. Haggerty, is a charwoman but nothing else.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The criminal, who is the hostess, calls it a dish of tea, which shows that she comes from Caledonia; but that is not her crime.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Three nice old ladies and a criminal, who is even nicer, are discussing the war over a cup of tea.

winklesnounUS /ˈwɪŋkəlz/

plural of “winkle” — small edible marine snail; steamed in wine or baked

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading Mrs. Haggerty, though present, is not at the party by invitation; having seen Mrs. Dowey buying the winkles, she followed her downstairs, so has shuffled into the play and sat down in it against our wish.

Chapter 1 of Echoes of the War by J. M. (James Matthew) Barrie holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Echoes of the War contain?

Chapter 1 holds 411 sentences of Echoes of the War, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Echoes of the War by J. M. (James Matthew) Barrie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Echoes of the War?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Echoes of the War

Common questions about reading Echoes of the War by J. M. (James Matthew) Barrie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Echoes of the War?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Echoes of the War is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Echoes of the War take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Echoes of the War section by section

How to work through Echoes of the War section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Echoes of the War

Words and structures a reader meets early in Echoes of the War, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Echoes of the War, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Echoes of the War, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Echoes of the War, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.