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Edwy the Fair
Edwy the Fair

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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AT HIS WORST.
The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.
But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.
Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.
Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Edwy the Fair

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AT HIS WORST.
/æt hɪz wɜːrst/
Line 2
The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.
Line 3
But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.
Line 4
Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.
Line 5
Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ban verb US /bæn/

forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper)

From this reading “Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.”

coronation noun US /ˌkɔːrəˈneɪʃən/

the ceremony of installing a new monarch

From this reading “Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.”

counsels noun US /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading “Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.”

frustrated adjective US /ˈfrʌstreɪtəd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading “The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.”

joining noun US /ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/

the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication)

From this reading “The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.”

riotous adjective US /ˈraɪətəs/

produced or growing in extreme abundance

From this reading “Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.”

shattered adjective US /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading “But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.”

ties noun US /taɪz/

plural of “tie” — neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading “But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

AmongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AT HIS WORST.

banverbUS /bæn/

forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper)

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

coronationnounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈneɪʃən/

the ceremony of installing a new monarch

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

counselsnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

defiancenounUS /dɪˈfaɪəns/

intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

dependverbUS /dɪˈpend/

be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

depthnounUS /depθ/

the extent downward or backward or inward

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

Edwynoun

King of England who was renounced by Northumbria in favor of his brother Edgar (died in 959)

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

Elfric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

Elgiva

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

enterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

foolishadjectiveUS /ˈfuːlɪʃ/

devoid of good sense or judgment

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

frustratedadjectiveUS /ˈfrʌstreɪtəd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

happilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading AT HIS WORST.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

ill-advisedadjective

without careful prior deliberation or counsel

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

ImmediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

joiningnounUS /ˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/

the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication)

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

recklessadjectiveUS /ˈrekləs/

marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

Redwald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

Rehoboam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

riotousadjectiveUS /ˈraɪətəs/

produced or growing in extreme abundance

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

selfnounUS /self/

your consciousness of your own identity

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

tiesnounUS /taɪz/

plural of “tie” — neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

unhallowedadjective

not hallowed or consecrated

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

vainer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Amongst these Elfric was soon conspicuous and soon a leader.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

wishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

WORSTnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading AT HIS WORST.

xxiiinoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The unhappy Elfric had indeed fallen from his former self before he reached the depth at which our readers have just seen him, joining with Redwald in the unhallowed enterprise so happily frustrated, if indeed it were yet frustrated, by his own brother.

yieldedverbUS /ˈjiːldɪd/

past form of “yield” — be the cause or source of

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Immediately after his coronation, the reckless and ill-advised Edwy had married Elgiva, xxiii in defiance of the ban of the Church, and then had abandoned himself to the riotous society and foolish counsels of young nobles vainer than those who cost Rehoboam so large a portion of his kingdom.

Æscendune

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But when his father had returned to Æscendune alone, Elfric felt that home ties were shattered, and that he had nothing but the royal favour to depend upon, so he yielded to the wishes of King Edwy in all points.

Chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair contain?

Chapter 12 holds 123 sentences of Edwy the Fair, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Edwy the Fair?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Edwy the Fair

Common questions about reading Edwy the Fair by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Edwy the Fair?

Yes. All 3146 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13215 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Edwy the Fair is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13215, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Edwy the Fair take to read?

About 262 minutes of reading across 630 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Edwy the Fair section by section

How to work through Edwy the Fair section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Edwy the Fair to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Edwy the Fair

Words and structures a reader meets early in Edwy the Fair, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Forest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Edwy the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Primeval
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Edwy the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lovely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Edwy the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eventide
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Edwy the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.