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Eighteen Months' Imprisonment
Eighteen Months' Imprisonment

Chapter XVIII · “The Outer World.”

Chapter XVIII of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment, ““The Outer World.”,” is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.
I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.
I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.
When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.
I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Eighteen Months' Imprisonment

Chapter XVIII · “The Outer World.”

Chapter XVIII of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment, ““The Outer World.”,” is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.
Line 2
I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.
/aɪ ˈætrəbjuːt ðɪs ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊsəs ʌv maɪ ˈkerɪktər tuː maɪ ˈberɪŋ frʌm ðə fɜːrst/
Line 3
I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.
Line 4
When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.
Line 5
I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bullied verb US /ˈbʊlid/

inflected form of “bully” — be bossy towards

From this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

contretemps noun US /ˈkɑːntrətemps/

an awkward clash

diagnosis noun US /ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊsəs/

identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon

From this reading “I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.”

humblest adjective US /ˈhʌmbələst/

superlative of “humble” — low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading “I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.”

scrupulously adverb US /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading “I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.”

turnkey noun US /ˈtɜːrnkiː/

someone who guards prisoners

From this reading “I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.”

unhesitatingly adverb US /ənˈhezɪteɪtɪŋli/

without hesitation

From this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

warder noun US /ˈwɔːrdər/

a person who works in a prison and is in charge of prisoners

From this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

with impunity preposition + noun

In this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

generally understood adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

any attempt adjective + noun

In this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

at a loss preposition + article + noun counted as “at … loss”

filled with bewilderment

In this reading “When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.”

reflect on verb + particle

In this reading “When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.”

looked upon verb + particle counted as “look upon”

look on as or consider

In this reading “THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.”

other prisoners adjective + noun counted as “other prisoner”

In this reading “When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

arrogantadjectiveUS /ˈerəɡənt/

having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

attemptedadjectiveUS /əˈtemptɪd/

tried unsuccessfully

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

attributenounUS /ˈætrəbjuːt/

a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

bulliedverbUS /ˈbʊlid/

inflected form of “bully” — be bossy towards

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

circumstanced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

civillyadverbUS /ˈsɪvɪli/

in a civil manner

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

confrères

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

contretempsnounUS /ˈkɑːntrətemps/

an awkward clash

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

courteousadjectiveUS /ˈkɜːrtiəs/

exhibiting courtesy and politeness

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

diagnosisnounUS /ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊsəs/

identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

dismissalnounUS /dɪˈsmɪsəl/

a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

distrustnounUS /dɪˈstrʌst/

doubt about someone's honesty

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

hectornounUS /ˈhektər/

(Greek mythology) a mythical Trojan who was killed by Achilles during the Trojan War

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

humblestadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbələst/

superlative of “humble” — low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

ignoredadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡˈnɔːrd/

disregarded

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

impunitynounUS /ˌɪmˈpjuːnɪti/

exemption from punishment or loss

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

inclinationnounUS /ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən/

an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

indefinableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈfaɪnəbəl/

not capable of being precisely or readily described; not easily put into words

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

indirectlyadverbUS /ˌɪndərˈektliː/

not in a forthright manner

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

inferiors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

latitudenounUS /ˈlætətuːd/

the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

officialsnounUS /əˈfɪʃəlz/

plural of “official” — a worker who holds or is invested with an office

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

permittedverbUS /pərˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

reflectverbUS /rɪˈflekt/

manifest or bring back

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

reportedadjectiveUS /ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/

made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

scrupulouslyadverbUS /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

temporarilyadverbUS /ˌtempərˈerəli/

for a limited time only; not permanently

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I attribute this diagnosis of my character to my bearing from the first.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

treatverbUS /triːt/

interact in a certain way

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

turnkeynounUS /ˈtɜːrnkiː/

someone who guards prisoners

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

unhesitatinglyadverbUS /ənˈhezɪteɪtɪŋli/

without hesitation

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

wardernounUS /ˈwɔːrdər/

a person who works in a prison and is in charge of prisoners

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When I reflect on the bearing of the various officials towards other prisoners, I am at a loss to understand how I was permitted the latitude I was.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I made it a rule to be scrupulously courteous to the humblest turnkey if he showed an inclination to treat me civilly, whilst I ignored the position of those who attempted to hector over me, and convinced them by my manner that I looked on them as my inferiors.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I can only attribute it to that moral and indefinable effect certain men of birth and education, and naturally arrogant in disposition, do and always will exercise, no matter how temporarily circumstanced, over their inferiors.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading THE unfortunate _contretemps_ that had indirectly associated me with the dismissal of a warder caused me to be looked upon for some time by his _confrères_ with considerable distrust; it was generally understood, however, that I was not a man that could be bullied with impunity, and would unhesitatingly have reported any attempt of the kind.

Chapter 18 of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment by Donald, late captain Shaw holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment contain?

Chapter 18 holds 62 sentences of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment by Donald, late captain Shaw exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Eighteen Months' Imprisonment

Common questions about reading Eighteen Months' Imprisonment by Donald, late captain Shaw on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #44755, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Eighteen Months' Imprisonment take to read?

About 198 minutes of reading across 476 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Eighteen Months' Imprisonment section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Eighteen Months' Imprisonment

Words and structures a reader meets early in Eighteen Months' Imprisonment, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ebook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Transcribed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bowler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Captain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eighteen Months' Imprisonment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.