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El Toro
El Toro

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of El Toro is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for El Toro
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.
People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.
When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.
In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.
Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

El Toro

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of El Toro is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.
/wen aɪ wɑːz æt hoʊm aɪ wɑːz ɪn ə ˈbetər pleɪs bʌt ˈtrævələrz mʌst biː ˈkɑːntent æz juː laɪk ɪt/
Line 2
People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.
/ˈpiːpəl lɜːrn ˈræpədli ˈʌndər ðə ˈpreʃər ʌv nəˈsesəti/
Line 3
When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.
Line 4
In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.
/ɪn ˈkrɔːsɪŋ ekˈstriːmli bæd ˈpleɪsəz wiː ˌɪnˈveriəbli tʃoʊz ðə ruːt wɪtʃ meɪd ðə kɑːrz tæsk ðə ˈlaɪtəst/
Line 5
Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.
/ˈleɪtər wiː lɜːrnd ðæt ɔːl ðə kɑːr ˈniːdəd wɑːz ˈtrækʃən ənd wiː bɪˈɡæn tuː ˈfeɪvər aʊərˈselvz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

car's noun US /kɑːrz/

possessive form of “car” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

Cuba noun US /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading “When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.”

favored adjective US /ˈfeɪvərd/

preferred above all others and treated with partiality

From this reading “When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.”

invariably adverb US /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading “In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.”

lightest adjective US /ˈlaɪtəst/

superlative of “light” — of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading “In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.”

route noun US /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading “In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.”

traction noun US /ˈtrækʃən/

the friction between a body and the surface on which it moves (as between an automobile tire and the road)

From this reading “Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.”

travellers noun US /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading “_When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

under the pressure preposition + article + noun counted as “under … pressure”

In this reading “People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.”

at home preposition + noun

a reception held in your own home

In this reading “_When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.”

extremely bad adverb + adjective

In this reading “In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

carnounUS /kɑːr/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

car'snounUS /kɑːrz/

possessive form of “car” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

choseverbUS /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

crossingnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

CubanounUS /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

extremelyadverbUS /ekˈstriːmli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

favorverbUS /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

favoredadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərd/

preferred above all others and treated with partiality

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

LateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

lightestadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəst/

superlative of “light” — of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

LikeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

PeoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

pressurenounUS /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

roadlessadjective

lacking pathways

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

tractionnounUS /ˈtrækʃən/

the friction between a body and the surface on which it moves (as between an automobile tire and the road)

From this reading Later we learned that all the car needed was traction and we began to favor ourselves.

travellersnounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading People learn rapidly under the pressure of necessity.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading When we had begun driving over the roadless interior of Cuba we had favored the car.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In crossing extremely bad places we invariably chose the route which made the car’s task the lightest.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _When I was at home, I was in a better place; but travellers must be content._ —As You Like It.

Chapter 9 of El Toro by E. Ralph (Edwin Ralph) Estep holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of El Toro contain?

Chapter 9 holds 103 sentences of El Toro, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of El Toro by E. Ralph (Edwin Ralph) Estep exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of El Toro?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading El Toro

Common questions about reading El Toro by E. Ralph (Edwin Ralph) Estep on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of El Toro?

Yes. All 992 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76338 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of El Toro is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76338, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does El Toro take to read?

About 82 minutes of reading across 199 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read El Toro section by section

How to work through El Toro section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of El Toro to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in El Toro

Words and structures a reader meets early in El Toro, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mountain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of El Toro; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of El Toro; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of El Toro; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of El Toro; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.