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Electricity for Boys
Electricity for Boys

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.
THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.
PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.
An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.
ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Electricity for Boys

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.
Line 2
THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.
Line 3
PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.
Line 4
An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.
Line 5
ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

coils noun US /kɔɪlz/

plural of “coil” — a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops

From this reading “MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.”

controlled adjective US /kənˈtroʊld/

restrained or managed or kept within certain bounds

From this reading “ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.”

electricity noun US /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading “An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.”

energized verb US /ˈenərdʒaɪzd/

past form of “energize” — cause to be alert and energetic

From this reading “An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.”

exerted verb US /ɪɡˈzɜːrtɪd/

past form of “exert” — put to use

From this reading “PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.”

magnet noun US /ˈmæɡnət/

(physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

From this reading “THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.”

magnetized adjective US /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪzd/

having the properties of a magnet; i.e. of attracting iron or steel

From this reading “An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.”

magnets noun US /ˈmæɡnəts/

plural of “magnet” — (physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

From this reading “MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

actuates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

ARMATURES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

COILSnounUS /kɔɪlz/

plural of “coil” — a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops

From this reading MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.

controlledadjectiveUS /kənˈtroʊld/

restrained or managed or kept within certain bounds

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

electricadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪk/

using or providing or producing or transmitting or operated by electricity

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

electricitynounUS /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

electro-magnet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

electro-magnetic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

energizedverbUS /ˈenərdʒaɪzd/

past form of “energize” — cause to be alert and energetic

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.

exertedverbUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrtɪd/

past form of “exert” — put to use

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

GenerallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

KINDSnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

MAGNETnounUS /ˈmæɡnət/

(physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

magnetizedadjectiveUS /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪzd/

having the properties of a magnet; i.e. of attracting iron or steel

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

MAGNETSnounUS /ˈmæɡnəts/

plural of “magnet” — (physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

From this reading MAGNETS, COILS, ARMATURES, ETC.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

namelyadverbUS /ˈneɪmli/

as follows

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

permanentadjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrmənənt/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

pullverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

TWOnounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading THE TWO KINDS OF MAGNET.--Generally speaking, magnets are of two kinds, namely, permanent and electro-magnetic.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading ELECTRO-MAGNET.--The electro-magnet, therefore, is the more useful, because the pull of the magnet can be controlled by the current which actuates it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading PERMANENT MAGNETS.--A permanent magnet is a piece of steel in which an electric force is exerted at all times.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading An electro-magnet is a piece of iron which is magnetized by a winding of wire, and the magnet is energized only while a current of electricity is passing through the wire.

Chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys by James Slough Zerbe holds 66 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys contain?

Chapter 4 holds 66 sentences of Electricity for Boys, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys by James Slough Zerbe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 66 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Electricity for Boys?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Electricity for Boys

Common questions about reading Electricity for Boys by James Slough Zerbe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Electricity for Boys?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Electricity for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Electricity for Boys take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Electricity for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Electricity for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 3
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