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Electricity for Boys
Electricity for Boys

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.
When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.
Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.
It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.
SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Electricity for Boys

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.
Line 2
When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.
Line 3
Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.
/ˈiːθər ɪz ə ˈsʌbstəns wɪtʃ ɪz ˈmɪljənz ənd ˈmɪljənz ʌv taɪmz ˈlaɪtər ðæn er ənd ɪt pərˈveɪdz ɔːl speɪs/
Line 4
It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.
/ɪt ɪz soʊ ənˈsteɪbəl ðæt ɪt ɪz ˈkɑːnstəntli ɪn ˈmoʊʃən ənd ðɪs feɪz led sʌm wʌn tuː səˈdʒest ðæt ɪf ə ˈprɑːpər ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˌæpərˈætəs kʊd biː meɪd ðə ˈiːθər wʊd ˈðerˈbaɪ biː dɪˈstɜːrbd səˈfɪʃəntli soʊ ðæt ɪts ˈɪmpəlsɪz wʊd ɪkˈstend aʊt ə ˈdɪstəns prəˈpɔːrʃənd tuː ðə ɪnˈtensəti ʌv ðə ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˌædʒəˈteɪʃən ˈðerˈbaɪ kriˈeɪtəd/
Line 5
SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ether noun US /ˈiːθər/

the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies

From this reading “When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.”

Hertz noun US /herts/

the unit of frequency; one hertz has a periodic interval of one second (named for Heinrich Rudolph Hertz)

From this reading “When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.”

magnetism noun US /ˈmæɡnətɪzəm/

attraction for iron; associated with electric currents as well as magnets; characterized by fields of force

From this reading “When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.”

outgrowth noun US /ˈaʊtɡroʊθ/

a natural consequence of development

From this reading “WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.”

pervades verb US /pərˈveɪdz/

third-person singular of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading “Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.”

proportioned verb US /prəˈpɔːrʃənd/

past form of “proportion” — give pleasant proportions to

From this reading “It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.”

surges noun US /ˈsɜːrdʒəz/

plural of “surge” — a sudden forceful flow

From this reading “SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.”

unstable adjective US /ənˈsteɪbəl/

lacking stability or fixity or firmness

From this reading “It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

agitationnounUS /ˌædʒəˈteɪʃən/

a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

apparatusnounUS /ˌæpərˈætəs/

equipment designed to serve a specific function

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

CHARACTERnounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

CURRENTSnounUS /ˈkɜːrənts/

plural of “current” — a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

differedverbUS /ˈdɪfərd/

past form of “differ” — be different

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

electricaladjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪkəl/

relating to or concerned with electricity

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

electricitynounUS /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

ethernounUS /ˈiːθər/

the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

extendverbUS /ɪkˈstend/

extend in scope or range or area

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

foundationsnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

HertznounUS /herts/

the unit of frequency; one hertz has a periodic interval of one second (named for Heinrich Rudolph Hertz)

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

HIGH-TENSIONadjective

subjected to or capable of operating under relatively high voltage

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

impulsesnounUS /ˈɪmpəlsɪz/

plural of “impulse” — an instinctive motive

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

intensitynounUS /ɪnˈtensəti/

the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

lengthsnounUS /leŋkθs/

plural of “length” — the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

lighternounUS /ˈlaɪtər/

a substance used to ignite or kindle a fire

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

magnetismnounUS /ˈmæɡnətɪzəm/

attraction for iron; associated with electric currents as well as magnets; characterized by fields of force

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

MaxwellnounUS /ˈmækswel/

a cgs unit of magnetic flux equal to the flux perpendicular to an area of 1 square centimeter in a magnetic field of 1 gauss

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

outgrowthnounUS /ˈaʊtɡroʊθ/

a natural consequence of development

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

pervadesverbUS /pərˈveɪdz/

third-person singular of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

phasenounUS /feɪz/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

proportionedverbUS /prəˈpɔːrʃənd/

past form of “proportion” — give pleasant proportions to

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

suggestverbUS /səˈdʒest/

make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

surgesnounUS /ˈsɜːrdʒəz/

plural of “surge” — a sudden forceful flow

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

SURGINGadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrdʒɪŋ/

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

telegraphnounUS /ˈteləɡræf/

apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

TELEGRAPHING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

TELEGRAPHYnoun

communicating at a distance by electric transmission over wire

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

therebyadverbUS /ˈðerˈbaɪ/

by that means or because of that

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

transmittedadjectiveUS /trænˈsmɪtɪd/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

unstableadjectiveUS /ənˈsteɪbəl/

lacking stability or fixity or firmness

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Maxwell, and, later on, Hertz, discovered that electricity, magnetism, and light were transmitted through the ether, and that they differed only in their wave lengths, they laid the foundations for wireless telegraphy.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Ether is a substance which is millions and millions of times lighter than air, and it pervades all space.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading SURGING CHARACTER OF HIGH-TENSION CURRENTS.--When a current of electricity is sent through a wire, hundreds of miles in length, the current surges back and forth on the wire many thousands of times a second.

WIRELESSnounUS /ˈwaɪrlɪs/

medium for communication

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

WIRESnounUS /ˈwaɪərz/

plural of “wire” — ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

WITHOUTprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHING WITHOUT WIRES.--Wireless telegraphy is an outgrowth of the ordinary telegraph system.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It is so unstable that it is constantly in motion, and this phase led some one to suggest that if a proper electrical apparatus could be made, the ether would thereby be disturbed sufficiently so that its impulses would extend out a distance proportioned to the intensity of the electrical agitation thereby created.

Chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys by James Slough Zerbe holds 32 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys contain?

Chapter 12 holds 32 sentences of Electricity for Boys, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys by James Slough Zerbe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 32 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Electricity for Boys?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Vocabulary met early in Electricity for Boys

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 3
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