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Elissa
Elissa

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Elissa is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africathe Libya of the ancients.
Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.
Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grassfor the season was winterand bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.
It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.
At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elissa

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Elissa is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africathe Libya of the ancients.
Line 2
Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.
/ɪts læst ˈbɜːrnɪŋ reɪz fel əˈpɑːn ə ˈkævəlkeɪd ʌv ˈwɪri men huː təˈɡeðər wɪð lɔːŋ strɪŋz ʌv ˈkæməlz ˈæsəz ənd ˈɑːksən ˈæftər mʌtʃ tɔɪl hæd ˈstrʌɡəld tuː ðə krest ʌv ə laɪn ʌv ˈstoʊni hɪlz wer ðeɪ wɜːr ˈhɔːltəd tuː rɪˈkʌvər breθ/
Line 3
Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grassfor the season was winterand bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.
Line 4
It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.
Line 5
At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

asses noun US /ˈæsəz/

plural of “ass” — the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on

From this reading “Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.”

cavalcade noun US /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading “Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.”

dominated adjective US /ˈdɑːməneɪtəd/

controlled or ruled by superior authority or power

From this reading “At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.”

expanses noun US /ɪkˈspænsɪz/

plural of “expanse” — a wide scope

From this reading “THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.”

Libya noun US /ˈlɪbiːə/

a military dictatorship in northern Africa on the Mediterranean; consists almost entirely of desert; a major exporter of petroleum

From this reading “THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.”

moderns noun US /ˈmɑːdərnz/

plural of “modern” — a contemporary person

From this reading “It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.”

sere adjective US /sɪr/

(used especially of vegetation) having lost all moisture

From this reading “Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.”

Zimbabwe noun US /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/

a landlocked republic in south central Africa formerly called Rhodesia; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980

From this reading “It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

ancientsnounUS /ˈeɪntʃənts/

people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

assesnounUS /ˈæsəz/

plural of “ass” — the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

boundedadjectiveUS /ˈbaʊndəd/

having the limits or boundaries established

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

bricknounUS /brɪk/

rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

camelsnounUS /ˈkæməlz/

plural of “camel” — cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

CARAVANnounUS /ˈkærəvæn/

a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

cavalcadenounUS /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

circularadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrkjələr/

having the shape or form of a circle

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

clothedadjectiveUS /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

crestnounUS /krest/

the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

dominatedadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːməneɪtəd/

controlled or ruled by superior authority or power

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

expansesnounUS /ɪkˈspænsɪz/

plural of “expanse” — a wide scope

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

flat-roofed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

haltedverbUS /ˈhɔːltəd/

past form of “halt” — cause to stop

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

LibyanounUS /ˈlɪbiːə/

a military dictatorship in northern Africa on the Mediterranean; consists almost entirely of desert; a major exporter of petroleum

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

modernsnounUS /ˈmɑːdərnz/

plural of “modern” — a contemporary person

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

opposingadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzɪŋ/

characterized by active hostility

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

oxennounUS /ˈɑːksən/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

recoververbUS /rɪˈkʌvər/

get or find back; recover the use of

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

sereadjectiveUS /sɪr/

(used especially of vegetation) having lost all moisture

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

settingnounUS /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

slopesnounUS /sloʊps/

plural of “slope” — an elevated geological formation

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

south-eastern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

stonyadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

stringsnounUS /strɪŋz/

the section of an orchestra that plays stringed instruments

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

sun-driedadjective

dried naturally by the sun

From this reading At the sight of its flat-roofed houses of sun-dried brick, set upon the side of the opposing hill, and dominated by a huge circular building of dark stone, the caravan raised a great shout of joy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

travelledadjectiveUS /ˈtrævəld/

familiar with many parts of the world

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

wearyverbUS /ˈwɪri/

exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

whereof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Its last burning rays fell upon a cavalcade of weary men, who, together with long strings of camels, asses and oxen, after much toil had struggled to the crest of a line of stony hills, where they were halted to recover breath.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading THE CARAVAN The sun, which shone upon a day that was gathered to the past some three thousand years ago, was setting in full glory over the expanses of south-eastern Africa—the Libya of the ancients.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading Before them lay a plain, clothed with sere yellow grass—for the season was winter—and bounded by mountains of no great height, upon whose slopes stood the city which they had travelled far to seek.

ZimbabwenounUS /zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ/

a landlocked republic in south central Africa formerly called Rhodesia; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

Zimboe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the ancient city of Zimboe, whereof the lonely ruins are known to us moderns as Zimbabwe.

Chapter 2 of Elissa by H. Rider (Henry Rider) Haggard holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Elissa contain?

Chapter 2 holds 79 sentences of Elissa, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Elissa by H. Rider (Henry Rider) Haggard exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Elissa?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elissa

Common questions about reading Elissa by H. Rider (Henry Rider) Haggard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elissa?

Yes. All 2335 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2855 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elissa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2855, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elissa take to read?

About 194 minutes of reading across 467 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elissa section by section

How to work through Elissa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Elissa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elissa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elissa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Memory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elissa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Child
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elissa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burnham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elissa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bound
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elissa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.