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Elizabeth
Elizabeth

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Elizabeth is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CONCLUSION.
The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.
As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.
He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.
Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elizabeth

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Elizabeth is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONCLUSION.
/kənˈkluːʒən/
Line 2
The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.
Line 3
As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.
Line 4
He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.
/hiː ˈiːvɪn sent tuː ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts fɔːr hɜːr tuː ˈvɪzɪt hɪm ɑːn hɪz ˈdeθbed ənd ˈkaʊnsəl hɪm kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ sælˈveɪʃən ənd preɪ wɪð hɪm ənd hiː ˌɪnˈdʌldʒd sʌm hoʊp ˈʌndər hɜːr prerz bʌt hiː meɪd noʊ kənˈfeʃən ʌv hɪz rɔːŋz tuː hɜːr nɔːr əˈmendz fɔːr hɪz ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/
Line 5
Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.
/hɜːr tuː ˈbrʌðərz ənd θriː ˈsɪstərz ɔːl ˈkredətəd ðer rɪˈlɪdʒəs ɪkˈspɪriəns tuː ɡɑːdz ˈblesɪŋ əˈpɑːn ɪˈlɪzəbəθs prerz ˈkaʊnsəlz ənd laɪf bʌt ˈoʊnli wʌn ʌv ðem ˈevər ˌʌndərˈtʊk tuː rɪˈstɔːr wʌt ðə ˈfɑːðər hæd ˈteɪkən frʌm ɪˈlɪzəbəθs raɪt ənd ˈɡɪvən tuː hɜːr ənd ʃiː dɪd nɑːt duː ɪt ənˈtɪl ʃiː wɑːz əˈbaʊt tuː daɪ wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪʃuː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amends noun US /əˈmendz/

a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury

From this reading “He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.”

counsels noun US /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading “Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.”

credited adjective US /ˈkredətəd/

(usually followed by “to”) given credit for

From this reading “Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.”

deathbed noun US /ˈdeθbed/

the last few hours before death

From this reading “He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.”

Elizabeth's noun US /ɪˈlɪzəbəθs/

possessive form of “elizabeth” — daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading “Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.”

Massachusetts noun US /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.”

relented verb US /rɪˈlentɪd/

past form of “relent” — give in, as to influence or pressure

From this reading “As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.”

undertook verb US /ˌʌndərˈtʊk/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading “Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

amendsnounUS /əˈmendz/

a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

blessingnounUS /ˈblesɪŋ/

the formal act of approving

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

CONCLUSIONnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading CONCLUSION.

confessionnounUS /kənˈfeʃən/

an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

counselnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

counselsnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

creditedadjectiveUS /ˈkredətəd/

(usually followed by “to”) given credit for

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

deathbednounUS /ˈdeθbed/

the last few hours before death

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

disinheritedadjective

deprived of your rightful heritage

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

doled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

Elizabeth'snounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθs/

possessive form of “elizabeth” — daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

God'snounUS /ɡɑːdz/

possessive form of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

heirship

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

indulgedverbUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒd/

past form of “indulge” — give free rein to

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

injusticenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

an unjust act

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

issueverbUS /ˈɪʃuː/

prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

partiallyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrʃəli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

prayverbUS /preɪ/

address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

prayersnounUS /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

relentedverbUS /rɪˈlentɪd/

past form of “relent” — give in, as to influence or pressure

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

restoreverbUS /rɪˈstɔːr/

return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

rigidadjectiveUS /ˈrɪdʒəd/

incapable of or resistant to bending

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

salvationnounUS /sælˈveɪʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

sistersnounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

plural of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

undertookverbUS /ˌʌndərˈtʊk/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The "disinherited" Elizabeth was never restored to her rights and heirship as a daughter.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading As old age came upon that rigid father he partially relented and doled out a few hundreds to her where his other children had their thousands.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Her two brothers and three sisters all credited their religious experience to God's blessing upon Elizabeth's prayers, counsels, and life; but only one of them ever undertook to restore what the father had taken from Elizabeth's right and given to her, and she did not do it until she was about to die without issue.

wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading He even sent to Massachusetts for her to visit him on his deathbed and counsel him concerning salvation, and pray with him; and he indulged some hope under her prayers; but he made no confession of his wrongs to her, nor amends for his injustice.

Chapter 18 of Elizabeth by Ebenezer Arnold holds 10 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Elizabeth contain?

Chapter 18 holds 10 sentences of Elizabeth, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Elizabeth by Ebenezer Arnold exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 10 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Elizabeth?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elizabeth

Common questions about reading Elizabeth by Ebenezer Arnold on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elizabeth?

Yes. All 646 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8802 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elizabeth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8802, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elizabeth take to read?

About 53 minutes of reading across 130 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elizabeth section by section

How to work through Elizabeth section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Elizabeth to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elizabeth

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elizabeth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Strange
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabeth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabeth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Latter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabeth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eighteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabeth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.