Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.
PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.
The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.
To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.
The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.
Line 2
PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.
Line 3
The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.
Line 4
To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.
Line 5
The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

courtly adjective US /ˈkɔːrtli/

refined or imposing in manner or appearance; befitting a royal court

From this reading “The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.”

decade noun US /deˈkeɪd/

a period of 10 years

From this reading “The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.”

devotees noun US /ˈdevəˈtiːz/

plural of “devotee” — an ardent follower and admirer

From this reading “To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.”

makers noun US /ˈmeɪkərz/

plural of “maker” — a person who makes things

From this reading “The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.”

sixteenth adjective US /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading “The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.”

sonnet noun US /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading “To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.”

trench noun US /trentʃ/

a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth

From this reading “KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.”

Wyatt noun US /ˈwaɪət/

English architect (1746-1813)

From this reading “The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

COnounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

courtlyadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːrtli/

refined or imposing in manner or appearance; befitting a royal court

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

decadenounUS /deˈkeɪd/

a period of 10 years

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

devisedverbUS /dɪˈvaɪzd/

past form of “devise” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

devoteesnounUS /ˈdevəˈtiːz/

plural of “devotee” — an ardent follower and admirer

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

emotionnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃən/

any strong feeling

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

fittedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəd/

being the right size and shape to fit as desired

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

HOUSEnounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.

importunateadjective

expressing persistant and earnest entreaty

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

inneradjectiveUS /ˈɪnər/

located inward

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

KEGAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.

makersnounUS /ˈmeɪkərz/

plural of “maker” — a person who makes things

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

moatnounUS /moʊt/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

outburstnounUS /ˈaʊtbɜːrst/

an unrestrained expression of emotion

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

PATERNOSTERnoun

(Roman Catholic Church) the Lord's Prayer in Latin; translates as “our father”

From this reading PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.

PAULnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

personalitynounUS /ˌpɜːrsəˈnælɪti/

the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

poeticadjectiveUS /poʊˈetɪk/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

sixteenthadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

sonnetnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

sonneteering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

SurreynounUS /ˈsɜːri/

a county in southeastern England on the Thames

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

thresholdnounUS /ˈθreʃoʊld/

the starting point for a new state or experience

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

TRENCHnounUS /trentʃ/

a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

TRUeBNER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUeBNER AND CO.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

usheredverbUS /ˈʌʃərd/

past form of “usher” — take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/

a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

VIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading PATERNOSTER HOUSE LONDON W.C.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The last decade of the sixteenth century was marked by an outburst of sonneteering.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading To devotees of the sonnet, who find in that poetic form the moat perfect vehicle that has ever been devised for the expression of a single importunate emotion, it will not seem strange that at the threshold of a literary period whose characteristic note is the most intense personality, the instinct of poets should have directed them to the form most perfectly fitted for the expression of this inner motive.

WyattnounUS /ˈwaɪət/

English architect (1746-1813)

From this reading The sonnet, a distinguished guest from Italy, was ushered to by those two "courtly makers," Wyatt and Surrey, in the days of Henry VIII.

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia contain?

Chapter 1 holds 404 sentences of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Common questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Yes. All 803 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18841 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18841, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia take to read?

About 66 minutes of reading across 161 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section

How to work through Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Kegan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trench
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Truebner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paternoster
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.