Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Context Illustration Reading 13/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.
Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.
It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.
On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."
The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 13/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 61–65

Line 1
Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.
Line 2
Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.
Line 3
It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.
Line 4
On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."
/ɑːn ðə hoʊl ˈlɑːdʒɪz ˈsɑːnɪts ʃoʊ ə mʌtʃ mɔːr ˈtʃɪrfəl ənd ˈbɔɪənt ˈtempər ðæn ˈdænjəlz ˈweɪlɪŋ vɜːrs/
Line 5
The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brazil noun US /brəˈzɪl/

the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter

From this reading “Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.”

Cavendish noun US /ˈkævəndɪʃ/

British chemist and physicist who established that water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and who calculated the density of the earth (1731-1810)

From this reading “Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.”

Daniel's noun US /ˈdænjəlz/

possessive form of “daniel” — (Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading “Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.”

Induction noun US /ˌɪnˈdʌkʃən/

a formal entry into an organization or position or office

From this reading “It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.”

Lodge's noun US /ˈlɑːdʒɪz/

possessive form of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading “On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."”

Magellan noun US /məˈdʒelən/

Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain; he commanded an expedition that was the first to circumnavigate the world (1480-1521)

From this reading “Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.”

sonnets noun US /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading “Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.”

toying noun US /ˈtɔɪɪŋ/

playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest

From this reading “The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.”

All words in this reading · 126

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1591

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

airyadjectiveUS /ˈeri/

open to or abounding in fresh air

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

BrazilnounUS /brəˈzɪl/

the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

buoyantadjectiveUS /ˈbɔɪənt/

tending to float on a liquid or rise in air or gas

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

carriesnounUS /ˈkæriz/

plural of “carry” — the act of carrying something

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

CavendishnounUS /ˈkævəndɪʃ/

British chemist and physicist who established that water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and who calculated the density of the earth (1731-1810)

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

clusterverbUS /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

ConstablenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəbəl/

a lawman with less authority and jurisdiction than a sheriff

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

Constable's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

DanielnounUS /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

Daniel'snounUS /ˈdænjəlz/

possessive form of “daniel” — (Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

Delia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

Delia's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

fifty-sevenadjective

being seven more than fifty

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

gracesnounUS /ˈɡreɪsɪz/

plural of “grace” — (Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

hintnounUS /hɪnt/

an indirect suggestion

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

InductionnounUS /ˌɪnˈdʌkʃən/

a formal entry into an organization or position or office

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

informverbUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrm/

impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

LodgeverbUS /lɑːdʒ/

be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

Lodge'snounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪz/

possessive form of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

MagellannounUS /məˈdʒelən/

Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain; he commanded an expedition that was the first to circumnavigate the world (1480-1521)

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

manuscriptnounUS /ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/

A book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed.

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

messagenounUS /ˈmesədʒ/

a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

ninety-threeadjective

being three more than ninety

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

Phillis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

prophetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

prostrateverbUS /ˈprɑːstreɪt/

get into a prostrate position, as in submission

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

replacedverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪst/

past form of “replace” — substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

sadnessnounUS /ˈsædnəs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

SidneynounUS /ˈsɪdni/

English poet (1554-1586)

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

Sidney's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

sonnet-cycle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

sonnet-cycles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

sonnetsnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

StraitsnounUS /streɪts/

a bad or difficult situation or state of affairs

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

toyingnounUS /ˈtɔɪɪŋ/

playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest

From this reading The "sad horror, pale grief, prostrate despair" that inform the _Delia_, are replaced in the _Phillis_ by a spirit of airy toying, a pleasure in the graces of fancy even when they cluster around a feeling of sadness.

twenty-sevennoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-six and one

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

voyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

wailingnounUS /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading On the whole, Lodge's sonnets show a much more cheerful and buoyant temper than Daniel's "wailing verse."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Now in August of 1591 Lodge set sail with Cavendish on that long voyage to Brazil and the Straits of Magellan from which he did not return till early in ninety-three, and it was during his absence that Daniel's and Constable's sonnet-cycles came out.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading It is possible that Lodge saw Daniel's series, as he doubtless did Sidney's, in manuscript before he left England, but the Induction to _Phillis_, which carries a message to Delia's "sweet prophet," was almost certainly written later, and in the absence of further proof it seems no more than fair to allow Lodge to share with Daniel and Constable the honour of being the earliest to take the hint Sidney had offered.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Early in 1591 also when Daniel was probably abroad, twenty-seven of the fifty-seven sonnets that a year later formed the sonnet-cycle _Delia_ were published in his absence.

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia contain?

Chapter 1 holds 404 sentences of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Common questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Yes. All 803 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18841 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18841, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia take to read?

About 66 minutes of reading across 161 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section

How to work through Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Kegan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trench
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Truebner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paternoster
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.