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Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia
Context Illustration Reading 28/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.
And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.
Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.
As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.
XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 28/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 136–140

Line 1
X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.
Line 2
And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.
/ənd aɪ laɪk ðiːz ðæt fiːl maɪ wuːndz ɑːr ˈmɔːrtəl kənˈtentəd daɪ fɔːr hɜːr huːm aɪ əˈdɔːr ənd ɪn maɪ ˈdʒɔɪfəl hɪmz duː stɪl ɪɡˈzɔːrt ɔːl tuː daɪ fɔːr sʌtʃ ə seɪnt ɔːr lʌv noʊ mɔːr/
Line 3
Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.
/nɑːt ðæt maɪ ˈtɔːrments ɔːr hɜːr ˈtɪrəni enˈfɔːrs miː tuː ˌenˈdʒɔɪn soʊ hɑːrd ə tæsk bʌt fɔːr aɪ noʊ ənd jiːld noʊ ˈriːzən waɪ bʌt wɪl ðem traɪ ðæt hæv dɪˈzaɪər tuː æsk/
Line 4
As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.
/æz lʌv hæθ riːθs hɪz ˈprɪti aɪz tuː siːl soʊ ˈlʌvərz mʌst kiːp ˈsiː.krət wʌt ðeɪ fiːl/
Line 5
XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brittle adjective US /ˈbrɪtəl/

having little elasticity; hence easily cracked or fractured or snapped

From this reading “XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.”

dirge noun US /dɜːrdʒ/

a song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person

From this reading “X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.”

enjoin verb US /ˌenˈdʒɔɪn/

issue an injunction

From this reading “Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.”

exhort verb US /ɪɡˈzɔːrt/

spur on or encourage especially by cheers and shouts

From this reading “And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.”

mundane adjective US /mənˈdeɪn/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading “XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.”

quail verb US /kweɪl/

draw back, as with fear or pain

From this reading “XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.”

seel verb US /siːl/

sew up the eyelids of hawks and falcons

From this reading “As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.”

swans noun US /swɑːnz/

plural of “swan” — stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult

From this reading “X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.”

All words in this reading · 128

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

adoreverbUS /əˈdɔːr/

love intensely

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

availverbUS /əˈveɪl/

use to one's advantage

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

barknounUS /bɑːrk/

tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

betideverbUS /bɪˈtaɪd/

become of; happen to

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

brimnounUS /brɪm/

the top edge of a vessel or other container

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

brittleadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪtəl/

having little elasticity; hence easily cracked or fractured or snapped

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

confidentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnfədənt/

having or marked by confidence or assurance

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

ContentedadjectiveUS /kənˈtentəd/

satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

desiresnounUS /dɪˈzaɪərz/

plural of “desire” — the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

dirgenounUS /dɜːrdʒ/

a song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

dothauxiliary verbUS /dɔːθ/

an old form of “does”

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

dreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdredfəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

earthlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrθli/

of or belonging to or characteristic of this earth as distinguished from heaven

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

EnforceverbUS /enˈfɔːrs/

ensure observance of laws and rules

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

enjoinverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪn/

issue an injunction

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

exhortverbUS /ɪɡˈzɔːrt/

spur on or encourage especially by cheers and shouts

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

fataladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtəl/

bringing death

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

fliesnounUS /flaɪz/

(theater) the space over the stage (out of view of the audience) used to store scenery (drop curtains)

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

frailadjectiveUS /freɪl/

physically weak

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

guidenounUS /ɡaɪd/

someone employed to conduct others

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

hauntverbUS /hɔːnt/

follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

havennounUS /ˈheɪvən/

a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

helmnounUS /helm/

steering mechanism for a vessel; a mechanical device by which a vessel is steered

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

holdsnounUS /hoʊldz/

plural of “hold” — the act of grasping

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

hymnsnounUS /hɪmz/

plural of “hymn” — a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

IsisnounUS /ˈaɪsəs/

Egyptian goddess of fertility; daughter of Geb; sister and wife of Osiris

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

joyfuladjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/

full of or producing joy

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

Lethe's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

loversnounUS /ˈlʌvərz/

plural of “lover” — a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

miseriesnounUS /ˈmɪzəriz/

plural of “misery” — a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

mortaladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrtəl/

subject to death

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

mundaneadjectiveUS /mənˈdeɪn/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

nighing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

quailverbUS /kweɪl/

draw back, as with fear or pain

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

reason's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

rumournounUS /ˈruːmər/

gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

saintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

seasnounUS /siːz/

plural of “sea” — a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

seelverbUS /siːl/

sew up the eyelids of hawks and falcons

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

singverbUS /sɪŋ/

deliver by singing

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

swansnounUS /swɑːnz/

plural of “swan” — stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

swimverbUS /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

tormentsnounUS /ˈtɔːrments/

plural of “torment” — unbearable physical pain

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

VainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

WhichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

wieldverbUS /wiːld/

have and exercise

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

worldlyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrldli/

characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

woundsnounUS /wuːndz/

plural of “wound” — an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading And I like these that feel my wounds are mortal, Contented die for her whom I adore; And in my joyful hymns do still exhort all To die for such a saint or love no more.

wreathsnounUS /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading As love hath wreaths his pretty eyes to seel, So lovers must keep secret what they feel.

XnounUS /eks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading X The rumour runs that here in Isis swim Such stately swans so confident in dying, That when they feel themselves near Lethe's brim, They sing their fatal dirge when death is nighing.

XInounUS /ʃiː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one

From this reading XI My frail and earthly bark, by reason's guide, Which holds the helm, whilst will doth wield the sail, By my desires, the winds of bad betide, Hath sailed these worldly seas with small avail, Vain objects serve for dreadful rocks to quail My brittle boat from haven of life that flies To haunt the sea of mundane miseries.

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading Not that my torments or her tyranny Enforce me to enjoin so hard a task, But for I know, and yield no reason why, But will them try that have desire to ask.

Chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia contain?

Chapter 1 holds 404 sentences of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Common questions about reading Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia by Martha Foote [Editor] Crow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia?

Yes. All 803 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18841 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18841, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia take to read?

About 66 minutes of reading across 161 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section

How to work through Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Kegan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trench
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Truebner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paternoster
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles: Phillis - Licia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.