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Elizabeth's Campaign
Elizabeth's Campaign

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'
The speaker was Desmond Mannering.
He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.
Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.
Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elizabeth's Campaign

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'
Line 2
The speaker was Desmond Mannering.
Line 3
He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.
Line 4
Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.
Line 5
Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dilapidated adjective US /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading “He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.”

mittens noun US /ˈmɪtənz/

plural of “mitten” — glove that encases the thumb separately and the other four fingers together

From this reading “Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.”

performer noun US /pərˈfɔːrmər/

an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience

From this reading “Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.”

photography noun US /fəˈtɑːɡrəfi/

the act of taking and printing photographs

From this reading “Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.”

piles noun US /paɪlz/

venous swelling external or internal to the anal sphincter

From this reading “Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.”

precarious adjective US /priˈkeriəs/

affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading “He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.”

snapshots noun US /ˈsnæpʃɑːts/

plural of “snapshot” — an informal photograph; usually made with a small hand-held camera

From this reading “Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.”

socks noun US /sɑːks/

plural of “sock” — hosiery consisting of a cloth covering for the foot; worn inside the shoe; reaches to between the ankle and the knee

From this reading “Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

arm-chair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

dabbed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

dennounUS /den/

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

Desmond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The speaker was Desmond Mannering.

dilapidatedadjectiveUS /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

footingnounUS /ˈfʊtɪŋ/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

girl'snounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

possessive form of “girl” — a young female

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

governessnounUS /ˈɡʌvərnəs/

a woman entrusted with the care and supervision of a child (especially in a private home)

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

groupsnounUS /ɡruːps/

plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

Mannering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The speaker was Desmond Mannering.

mantelpiecenoun

shelf that projects from wall above fireplace

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

mittensnounUS /ˈmɪtənz/

plural of “mitten” — glove that encases the thumb separately and the other four fingers together

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

novelsnounUS /ˈnɑːvəlz/

plural of “novel” — an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

occasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

Pamela

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

Pamela's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

performernounUS /pərˈfɔːrmər/

an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

photographynounUS /fəˈtɑːɡrəfi/

the act of taking and printing photographs

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

pilesnounUS /paɪlz/

venous swelling external or internal to the anal sphincter

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

precariousadjectiveUS /priˈkeriəs/

affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

RangedverbUS /reɪndʒd/

past form of “range” — change or be different within limits

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

snapshotsnounUS /ˈsnæpʃɑːts/

plural of “snapshot” — an informal photograph; usually made with a small hand-held camera

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

socksnounUS /sɑːks/

plural of “sock” — hosiery consisting of a cloth covering for the foot; worn inside the shoe; reaches to between the ankle and the knee

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

speakernounUS /ˈspiːkər/

someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous)

From this reading The speaker was Desmond Mannering.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The speaker was Desmond Mannering.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

triumphantadjectiveUS /traɪˈʌmfənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

twinsnounUS /twɪnz/

(mineralogy) two interwoven crystals that are mirror images on each other

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The speaker was Desmond Mannering.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading 'I say, Pamela, who _is_ this female, and why has she descended on us?'

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ranged along the mantelpiece were numbers of snapshots--groups and single figures--taken by her, with results that showed her no great performer.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Here Pamela dabbed in photography, made triumphant piles of the socks and mittens she kept from her father's eye, read history, novels, and poetry, and wrote to her school friends and the boys she had met in Scotland.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He was sitting on the edge of a much dilapidated arm-chair in the room which had been the twins' "den" from their childhood, in which Pamela's governess even, before the girl's school years, was allowed only on occasional and precarious footing.

Chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 400 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign contain?

Chapter 3 holds 400 sentences of Elizabeth's Campaign, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 400 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Elizabeth's Campaign?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elizabeth's Campaign

Common questions about reading Elizabeth's Campaign by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elizabeth's Campaign?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elizabeth's Campaign is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elizabeth's Campaign take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elizabeth's Campaign section by section

How to work through Elizabeth's Campaign section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Elizabeth's Campaign to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elizabeth's Campaign

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elizabeth's Campaign, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Elizabeth's Campaign, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Elizabeth's Campaign, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Elizabeth's Campaign, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.