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Elkswatawa
Elkswatawa

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Elkswatawa is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”
SANDS.
The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.
Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.
But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elkswatawa

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Elkswatawa is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”
/ənd ˈmeni ə ˈɡluːmi teɪl trəˈdɪʃən jet seɪvz frʌm əˈblɪviən ʌv ðer ˈstrʌɡəlz veɪn ðer ˈpraʊəs ənd ðer rɔːŋz fɔːr ˈraɪmər miːt tuː ˈpiːpəl siːnz wer stɪl ðer neɪmz rɪˈmeɪn/
Line 2
SANDS.
/sændz/
Line 3
The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.
Line 4
Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.
Line 5
But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.
/bʌt ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ɪn ˈpredətɔːri ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz əˈloʊn ðæt ðer ˈpaʊər hæd bɪn felt ðeɪ hæd bɪn vɪkˈtɔːriəs ɪn ˈsevrəl ˈreɡjələr enˈɡeɪdʒmənts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

direst adjective US /ˈdaɪrəst/

superlative of “dire” — fraught with extreme danger; nearly hopeless

From this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

emboldened adjective US /emˈboʊldənd/

made bold or courageous

From this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

instigated verb US /ˈɪnstəɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “instigate” — provoke or stir up

From this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

northwestern adjective US /ˌnɔːrˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the northwest

From this reading “The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.”

predatory adjective US /ˈpredətɔːri/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading “But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.”

rhymer noun US /ˈraɪmər/

a writer who composes rhymes; a maker of poor verses (usually used as terms of contempt for minor or inferior poets)

From this reading ““And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.””

Saves noun US /seɪvz/

plural of “save” — (sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring

From this reading ““And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.””

tornado noun US /tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/

a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground

From this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

instigated by verb + particle counted as “instigate by”

In this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

whole range adjective + noun

In this reading “Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.”

in the annals preposition + article + noun counted as “in … annals”

In this reading “The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1794

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

20th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

agentsnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənts/

plural of “agent” — an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

battlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

desolated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

direstadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪrəst/

superlative of “dire” — fraught with extreme danger; nearly hopeless

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

emboldenedadjectiveUS /emˈboʊldənd/

made bold or courageous

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

engagementsnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənts/

plural of “engagement” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

excursionsnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

frontiernounUS /frənˈtɪr/

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

hirelingnoun

a person who works only for money

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

horrorsnounUS /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

instigatedverbUS /ˈɪnstəɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “instigate” — provoke or stir up

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

markingnounUS /ˈmɑːrkɪŋ/

a distinguishing symbol

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

northwesternadjectiveUS /ˌnɔːrˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the northwest

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

oblivionnounUS /əˈblɪviən/

the state of being disregarded or forgotten

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

predatoryadjectiveUS /ˈpredətɔːri/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

PreviousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

prowessnounUS /ˈpraʊəs/

a superior skill that you can learn by study and practice and observation

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

rhymernounUS /ˈraɪmər/

a writer who composes rhymes; a maker of poor verses (usually used as terms of contempt for minor or inferior poets)

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

SANDSnounUS /sændz/

the region of the shore of a lake or sea or ocean

From this reading SANDS.

sanguinaryadjective

accompanied by bloodshed

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

SavesnounUS /seɪvz/

plural of “save” — (sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

settlementsnounUS /ˈsetəlmənts/

plural of “settlement” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

strugglesnounUS /ˈstrʌɡəlz/

plural of “struggle” — an energetic attempt to achieve something

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

successesnounUS /səkˈsesəz/

plural of “success” — an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

tornadonounUS /tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/

a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/

an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

victoriousadjectiveUS /vɪkˈtɔːriəs/

having won

From this reading But it was not in predatory excursions alone that their power had been felt; they had been victorious in several regular engagements.

warfarenounUS /ˈwɔːrfer/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Previous to this date, the Indians, emboldened by repeated successes, and instigated by hireling agents, had swept like a tornado along the whole range of our western settlements, marking their route with the direst destruction.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The 20th of August, 1794, was the commencement of an era, ever to be remembered in the annals of the West; for it marks the close of those sanguinary battles which had so long desolated our northwestern frontier with all the horrors of savage warfare.

wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading “And many a gloomy tale tradition yet Saves from oblivion of their struggles vain, Their prowess and their wrongs, for rhymer meet, To people scenes, where still their names remain.”

Chapter 2 of Elkswatawa by James Strange French holds 69 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Elkswatawa contain?

Chapter 2 holds 69 sentences of Elkswatawa, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Elkswatawa by James Strange French exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 69 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Elkswatawa?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elkswatawa

Common questions about reading Elkswatawa by James Strange French on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elkswatawa?

Yes. All 4834 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #74401 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elkswatawa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #74401, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elkswatawa take to read?

About 402 minutes of reading across 967 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elkswatawa section by section

How to work through Elkswatawa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Elkswatawa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elkswatawa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elkswatawa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Elkswatawa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elkswatawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prophet
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elkswatawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frontier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elkswatawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Noble
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elkswatawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.