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Ella Barnwell
Ella Barnwell

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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THE STRANGER.
That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.
In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."
History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.
But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ella Barnwell

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE STRANGER.
/ðə ˈstreɪndʒər/
Line 2
That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.
Line 3
In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."
Line 4
History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.
Line 5
But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.
/bʌt ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ ɪts ˈɑːmənəs ˈtaɪtəl kənˈtʌki wen fɜːrst biˈheld baɪ ðə waɪt ˈhʌntər priˈzentɪd ɔːl ðə əˈtrækʃənz hiː wʊd hæv ˈenvid ɪn ˈperədaɪs ˌɪtˈself/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attractions noun US /əˈtrækʃənz/

plural of “attraction” — the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading “But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.”

Christendom noun US /ˈkrɪsəndəm/

the collective body of Christians throughout the world and history (found predominantly in Europe and the Americas and Australia)

From this reading “That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.”

contested adjective US /kənˈtestəd/

disputed or made the object of contention or competition

From this reading “That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.”

immemorial adjective US /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading “History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.”

inference noun US /ˈɪnfərəns/

the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation

From this reading “History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.”

Kentucky noun US /kənˈtʌki/

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading “That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.”

neutral adjective US /ˈnuːtrəl/

having no personal preference

From this reading “History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.”

wildest adjective US /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading “That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

appliedadjectiveUS /əˈplaɪd/

concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

attractionsnounUS /əˈtrækʃənz/

plural of “attraction” — the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

bloodyadjectiveUS /ˈblʌdi/

having or covered with or accompanied by blood

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

ChristendomnounUS /ˈkrɪsəndəm/

the collective body of Christians throughout the world and history (found predominantly in Europe and the Americas and Australia)

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

contestedadjectiveUS /kənˈtestəd/

disputed or made the object of contention or competition

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

deadlyadjectiveUS /ˈdedli/

causing or capable of causing death

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

derivedadjectiveUS /dərˈaɪvd/

formed or developed from something else; not original

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

enviedverbUS /ˈenvid/

inflected form of “envy” — feel envious towards; admire enviously

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

hardily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

henceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

hunternounUS /ˈhʌntər/

someone who hunts game

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

immemorialadjectiveUS /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

inferencenounUS /ˈɪnfərəns/

the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

inhabitedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

Kan-tuck-kee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

KentuckynounUS /kənˈtʌki/

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

mentionverbUS /ˈmenʃən/

make reference to

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

neutraladjectiveUS /ˈnuːtrəl/

having no personal preference

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

notwithstandingadverbUS /ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

ominousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːmənəs/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

ParadisenounUS /ˈperədaɪs/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

portentious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

prioradjectiveUS /ˈpraɪər/

earlier in time

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

servesnounUS /sɜːrvz/

plural of “serve” — (sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

settlementnounUS /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

significantadjectiveUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

important in effect or meaning

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

STRANGERnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading THE STRANGER.

strifenounUS /straɪf/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE STRANGER.

theatrenounUS /ˈθiːətər/

a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

whereon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

whitesnounUS /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading That portion of territory known throughout Christendom as Kentucky, was, at an early period, the theatre of some of the wildest, most hardily contested, and bloody scenes ever placed on record.

wontnounUS /woʊnt/

an established custom

From this reading History makes no mention of its being inhabited prior to its settlement by the present race; but rather serves to aid us to the inference, that from time immemorial it was used as a "neutral ground," whereon the different savage tribes were wont to meet in deadly strife; and hence the portentious name by which it was known among them.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading In fact its very name, derived from the Indian word Kan-tuck-kee, which was applied to it long before its discovery by the whites, is peculiarly significant in meaning--being no less than "the dark and bloody ground."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But notwithstanding its ominous title, Kentucky, when first beheld by the white hunter, presented all the attractions he would have envied in Paradise itself.

Chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell by Emerson Bennett holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell contain?

Chapter 1 holds 141 sentences of Ella Barnwell, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell by Emerson Bennett exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Ella Barnwell?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ella Barnwell

Common questions about reading Ella Barnwell by Emerson Bennett on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ella Barnwell?

Yes. All 2551 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15424 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ella Barnwell is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15424, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ella Barnwell take to read?

About 212 minutes of reading across 511 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ella Barnwell section by section

How to work through Ella Barnwell section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Ella Barnwell to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ella Barnwell

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ella Barnwell, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stranger
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ella Barnwell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Portion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ella Barnwell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Territory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ella Barnwell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ella Barnwell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.