Chapter 4 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter IV
Chapter 4 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
DRINKING. Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs. You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink. TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE. If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
Chapter 4 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
a beverage made from cocoa powder and milk and sugar; usually drunk hot
From this reading “TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.”
a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans
From this reading “TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.”
plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
From this reading “Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.”
the act of consuming liquids
From this reading “DRINKING.”
a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings
From this reading “TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.”
having the qualities or effects of a poison
From this reading “If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.”
make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration
From this reading “If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.”
plural of “stomach” — an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion
From this reading “Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
to be able to, or to be allowed to
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
a beverage made from cocoa powder and milk and sugar; usually drunk hot
From this reading TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.
a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans
From this reading TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.
plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
take in liquids
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the act of consuming liquids
From this reading DRINKING.
take in solid food
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
on condition that; in the event that
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
of great significance or value
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
moving to the inside of something
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
a characteristic state or mode of living
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings
From this reading TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
belonging to the speaker and others
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
having the qualities or effects of a poison
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
express in words
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
move or cause to move back and forth
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
used to say what is right, expected, or advisable
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
plural of “stomach” — an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
carry out
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water
From this reading TEA, COFFEE, MILK, AND CHOCOLATE.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
for that reason; as a result
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
the speaker together with one or more other people
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
used to ask for information about something
From this reading Many diseases of the body are caused by what we take into our stomachs.
used to talk about the future, or about willingness
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
the person or people being spoken to
From this reading You can see, therefore, how important it is that we should know what and how to eat and drink.
belonging to the person or people being spoken to
From this reading If I say that tea, coffee, and chocolate are poisonous, and that they shorten life, you will smile and shake your head.
Chapter 4 of Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 4 holds 43 sentences of Ellis's Primary Physiology, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 4 of Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 981 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52775 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #52775, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 81 minutes of reading across 197 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Ellis's Primary Physiology section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 21 chapters of Ellis's Primary Physiology to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Ellis's Primary Physiology, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
