Chapter 20 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
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Chapter XX
Chapter 20 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
BONES, SKELETON, ETC. The bones are the frame-work of the body. Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body. Their number is more than two hundred. When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
Chapter 20 of Ellis's Primary Physiology is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance
From this reading “BONES, SKELETON, ETC.”
of or relating to two people who are married to each other
From this reading “When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.”
plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body
From this reading “Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.”
one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains
From this reading “When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.”
plural of “pair” — a set of two similar things considered as a unit
From this reading “Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.”
the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated
From this reading “When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.”
inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience
From this reading “When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.”
something reduced to its minimal form
From this reading “BONES, SKELETON, ETC.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
being ten more than one hundred ninety
In this reading “Their number is more than two hundred.”
In this reading “When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading The bones are the frame-work of the body.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading The bones are the frame-work of the body.
(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance
From this reading BONES, SKELETON, ETC.
every one of two or more people or things, taken separately
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading BONES, SKELETON, ETC.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
set up or found
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The bones are the frame-work of the body.
usually; as a rule
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
acknowledged as a supposition
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
ten 10s
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
of or relating to two people who are married to each other
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
prefer or wish to do something
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
engage in
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading The bones are the frame-work of the body.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
plural of “pair” — a set of two similar things considered as a unit
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the particular portion of space occupied by something
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
something reduced to its minimal form
From this reading BONES, SKELETON, ETC.
used to introduce the second part of a comparison
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The bones are the frame-work of the body.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading Like the muscles, they are generally found in pairs, one for each side of the body.
in contact with each other or in proximity
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number
From this reading Their number is more than two hundred.
at the time that
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
in or at the place that
From this reading When joined together, in their proper position, they make a skeleton, as shown in the picture on page 115, where the names of the principal bones are given.
Chapter 20 of Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis holds 31 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 20 holds 31 sentences of Ellis's Primary Physiology, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 20 of Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 31 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Ellis's Primary Physiology by Edward Sylvester Ellis on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 981 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52775 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #52775, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 81 minutes of reading across 197 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Ellis's Primary Physiology section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 21 chapters of Ellis's Primary Physiology to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Ellis's Primary Physiology, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
