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Eloisa
Eloisa

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Eloisa is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.
You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.
They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.
Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.
None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Eloisa

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Eloisa is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.
Line 2
You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.
Line 3
They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.
/ðeɪ læft æt miː ənd suːn kənˈvɪnst miː ðæt wɪˈθaʊt riˈtrentʃɪŋ ˈeni ʌv ðer ˈfæməli ɪkˈspensəz ðeɪ kʊd ɪf ðeɪ pliːzd leɪ ʌp ˈmʌni ənd ˌɪnˈkriːs ðer ɪˈsteɪt ˌɪnˈsted ʌv dɪˈmɪnɪʃɪŋ ɪt/
Line 4
Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.
/ˈaʊər ɡrænd ˈsiː.krət tuː ɡroʊ rɪtʃ sed ðeɪ ɪz tuː hæv æz ˈlɪtəl tuː duː wɪð ˈmʌni æz ˈpɑːsəbəl ənd tuː əˈvɔɪd æz mʌtʃ æz meɪ biː ðoʊz ˌɪntərˈmiːdiɪt ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz wɪtʃ ɑːr meɪd bɪˈtwiːn ðə ˈhɑːrvəst ənd ðə kənˈsʌmpʃən/
Line 5
None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.
/nʌn ʌv ðoʊz ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz ɑːr meɪd wɪˈθaʊt sʌm lɔːs ənd sʌtʃ ˈlɔːsəz ɪf ˈmʌltəplaɪd wʊd rəˈduːs ə ˈveri ɡʊd ɪˈsteɪt tuː ˈlɪtəl ɔːr ˈnʌθɪŋ æz baɪ miːnz ʌv ˈbroʊkərɪdʒ ə ˈvæljəbəl ɡoʊld bɑːks meɪ fetʃ ɪn ə seɪl ðə praɪs ˈoʊnli ʌv ə ˈtraɪflɪŋ tɔɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brokerage noun US /ˈbroʊkərɪdʒ/

a stock broker's business; charges a fee to act as intermediary between buyer and seller

From this reading “None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.”

diminishing adjective US /dɪˈmɪnɪʃɪŋ/

becoming smaller or less or appearing to do so

From this reading “They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.”

exchanges noun US /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “exchange” — chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading “Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.”

intermediate adjective US /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiɪt/

lying between two extremes in time or space or state

From this reading “Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.”

multiplied adjective US /ˈmʌltəplaɪd/

greatly increased as by multiplication

From this reading “None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.”

opulence noun US /ˈɑːpjələns/

wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living

From this reading “Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.”

retrenching verb US /riˈtrentʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “retrench” — tighten one's belt; use resources carefully

From this reading “They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.”

ruining noun US /ˈruːɪnɪŋ/

destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined

From this reading “You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

grow rich verb + adjective

In this reading “Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.”

soon convinced adverb + adjective

In this reading “They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.”

by means preposition + noun

In this reading “None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

brokeragenounUS /ˈbroʊkərɪdʒ/

a stock broker's business; charges a fee to act as intermediary between buyer and seller

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

consumptionnounUS /kənˈsʌmpʃən/

the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

diminishingadjectiveUS /dɪˈmɪnɪʃɪŋ/

becoming smaller or less or appearing to do so

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

exchangesnounUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “exchange” — chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

expensenounUS /ɪkˈspens/

amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

expensesnounUS /ɪkˈspensəz/

plural of “expense” — amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

fetchverbUS /fetʃ/

go or come after and bring or take back

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

harvestnounUS /ˈhɑːrvəst/

the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

intermediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiɪt/

lying between two extremes in time or space or state

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

laughedverbUS /læft/

past form of “laugh” — produce laughter

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

lossesnounUS /ˈlɔːsəz/

something lost (especially money lost at gambling)

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

moderateverbUS /ˈmɑːdərət/

preside over

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

multipliedadjectiveUS /ˈmʌltəplaɪd/

greatly increased as by multiplication

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

NonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

opulencenounUS /ˈɑːpjələns/

wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

pricenounUS /praɪs/

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

reduceverbUS /rəˈduːs/

cut down on; make a reduction in

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

retrenchingverbUS /riˈtrentʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “retrench” — tighten one's belt; use resources carefully

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

revenuenounUS /ˈrevənuː/

the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

ruiningnounUS /ˈruːɪnɪŋ/

destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

salenounUS /seɪl/

a particular instance of selling

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

surprized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

toynounUS /tɔɪ/

an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

triflingnounUS /ˈtraɪflɪŋ/

the deliberate act of delaying and playing instead of working

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Such marks of opulence, however, surprized me, when I first heard what fortune must support it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Our grand secret, to grow rich, said they, is to have as little to do with money as possible, and to avoid, as much as may be, those intermediate exchanges, which are made between the harvest and the consumption.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading They laughed at me, and soon convinced me, that, without retrenching any of their family expenses, they could, if they pleased, lay up money and increase their estate, instead of diminishing it.

Wolmar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading None of those exchanges are made without some loss; and such losses, if multiplied, would reduce a very good estate to little or nothing, as by means of brokerage a valuable gold box may fetch in a sale the price only of a trifling toy.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

yourselvespronounUS /jʊrˈselvz/

used when the people spoken to are both doing and receiving the action

From this reading You are ruining yourselves, said I to Mr. and Mrs. Wolmar; it is impossible so moderate a revenue can supply so much expense.

Chapter 21 of Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau holds 442 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Eloisa contain?

Chapter 21 holds 442 sentences of Eloisa, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 442 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Eloisa?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Eloisa

Common questions about reading Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Eloisa?

Yes. All 11409 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76639 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Eloisa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76639, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Eloisa take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2282 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Eloisa section by section

How to work through Eloisa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Eloisa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Eloisa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Eloisa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eloisa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.