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Eloisa
Eloisa

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Eloisa is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.
Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.
To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.
This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.
Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Eloisa

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Eloisa is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.
Line 2
Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.
Line 3
To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.
/tuː ɡɑːrd ðem frʌm ˈvaɪsəz nɑːt ɪn ðer ˈneɪtʃər ðeɪ hæv ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən ə ˈbetər priˈzɜːrvətɪv ðæn ˈlektʃərz wɪtʃ ðeɪ wʊd nɑːt ˌʌndərˈstænd ɔːr ʌv wɪtʃ ðeɪ wʊd suːn biː ˈtaɪərd/
Line 4
This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.
/ðɪs kənˈsɪsts ɪn ðə ɡʊd bɪˈheɪvjər ʌv ðoʊz əˈbaʊt ðem ɪn ðə ɡʊd ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən ðeɪ hiːr wɪtʃ ɪz soʊ ˈnætʃərəl tuː ðem ɔːl ðæt ðeɪ stænd ɪn noʊ niːd ʌv ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃən ɪt kənˈsɪsts ɪn ðə piːs ənd ˈjuːnəti ʌv wɪtʃ ðeɪ ɑːr ˈwɪtnəsəz ɪn ðə ˈhɑːrməni wɪtʃ ɪz ˈkɑːnstəntli əbˈzɜːrvd ənd ɪn ðə ˈkɑːndəkt ənd ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən ʌv ˈevəri wʌn ərˈaʊnd ðem/
Line 5
Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?
/nɜːrst ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː ɪn ˈnætʃərəl sɪmˈplɪsəti wens ʃʊd ðeɪ dərˈaɪv ðoʊz ˈvaɪsəz ʌv wɪtʃ ðeɪ hæv ˈnevər siːn ðə ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

depraved adjective US /diˈpreɪvd/

deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good

From this reading “Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.”

derive verb US /dərˈaɪv/

reason by deduction; establish by deduction

From this reading “Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?”

enslaved verb US /enˈsleɪvd/

past form of “enslave” — make a slave of; bring into servitude

From this reading “Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.”

judgments noun US /ˈdʒʌdʒmənts/

plural of “judgment” — an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading “Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.”

perverted adjective US /pərˈvɜːrtɪd/

(used of sexual behavior) showing or appealing to bizarre or deviant tastes

From this reading “Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.”

preservative noun US /priˈzɜːrvətɪv/

a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition

From this reading “To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.”

ripen verb US /ˈraɪpən/

cause to ripen or develop fully

From this reading “Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.”

unity noun US /ˈjuːnəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading “This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

good behaviour adjective + noun

In this reading “This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.”

consists in verb + particle counted as “consist in”

In this reading “This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

abuseverbUS /əˈbjuːs/

treat badly

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

behaviournounUS /bɪˈheɪvjər/

the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

debases

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

depravedadjectiveUS /diˈpreɪvd/

deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

deriveverbUS /dərˈaɪv/

reason by deduction; establish by deduction

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

enslavedverbUS /enˈsleɪvd/

past form of “enslave” — make a slave of; bring into servitude

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

exciteverbUS /ɪkˈsaɪt/

arouse or elicit a feeling

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

flatterynounUS /ˈflætəri/

excessive or insincere praise

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

harmonynounUS /ˈhɑːrməni/

compatibility in opinion and action

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

hithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

instructionnounUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃən/

a message describing how something is to be done

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

judgmentsnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənts/

plural of “judgment” — an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

lecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

NursedadjectiveUS /nɜːrst/

(of an infant) breast-fed

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

pervertedadjectiveUS /pərˈvɜːrtɪd/

(used of sexual behavior) showing or appealing to bizarre or deviant tastes

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

preservativenounUS /priˈzɜːrvətɪv/

a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

ripenverbUS /ˈraɪpən/

cause to ripen or develop fully

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

self-lovenoun

feelings of excessive pride

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

subjectionnoun

forced submission to control by others

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

tiredadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərd/

depleted of strength or energy

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their disposition can neither be depraved nor perverted; their bodies are left to grow, and their judgments to ripen at ease and leisure: subjection debases not their minds nor does flattery excite their self-love; they think themselves neither powerful men nor enslaved animals, but children happy and free.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

unitynounUS /ˈjuːnəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

vicesnounUS /ˈvaɪsəz/

plural of “vice” — moral weakness

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading Nursed hitherto in natural simplicity, whence should they derive those vices, of which they have never seen the example?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading This consists in the good behaviour of those about them; in the good conversation they hear, which is so natural to them all, that they stand in no need of instruction; it consists in the peace and unity of which they are witnesses; in the harmony which is constantly observed, and in the conduct and conversation of every one around them.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading To guard them from vices, not in their nature, they have in my opinion, a better preservative than lectures which they would not understand, or of which they would soon be tired.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading My children, continued she, lie under no manner of restraint, and yet cannot abuse their liberty.

Chapter 22 of Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Eloisa contain?

Chapter 22 holds 403 sentences of Eloisa, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Eloisa?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Eloisa

Common questions about reading Eloisa by Jean-Jacques Rousseau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Eloisa?

Yes. All 11409 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76639 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Eloisa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76639, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Eloisa take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2282 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Eloisa section by section

How to work through Eloisa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Eloisa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Eloisa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Eloisa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eloisa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Eloisa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.