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Elsie on the Hudson
Elsie on the Hudson

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Elsie on the Hudson
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.
West Point was their first halting-place.
Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.
The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.
"As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elsie on the Hudson

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.
/ˈʃɔːrtli ˈæftər ˈbrekfəst ðə nekst ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ðə hoʊl ˈpɑːrti wɜːr ɑːn ðə jɑːt ənd ɪt wɑːz ˈspiːdɪŋ daʊn ðə ˈrɪvər/
Line 2
West Point was their first halting-place.
Line 3
Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.
/sʌm ˈaʊərz wɜːr spent ðer ðeɪ wɜːr dʒʌst ɪn taɪm fɔːr ðə ˈbætəri drɪl ˈæftər ðæt ðeɪ klaɪmd tuː ðə tɑːp ʌv maʊnt ˌɪndɪˈpendəns ˌenˈdʒɔɪd ðə vjuː ənd ˈvɪzɪtɪd ðə ˈruːənz ʌv oʊld fɔːrt pʊt keɪm daʊn ənd ðen went bæk tuː ðer jɑːt ˈprɑːməsɪŋ ðemˈselvz əˈnʌðər ənd ˈlɔːŋɡər ˈvɪzɪt tuː west pɔɪnt sʌm deɪz ˈleɪtər/
Line 4
The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.
Line 5
"As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

artfully adverb US /ˈɑːrtfəli/

in an artful manner

From this reading “"As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"”

Clinton noun US /ˈklɪntən/

wife of President Clinton and later a woman member of the United States Senate (1947-)

From this reading “The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.”

drill verb US /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

forts noun US /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading “The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.”

Montgomery noun US /mɑːntˈɡʌmri/

Canadian novelist (1874-1942)

From this reading “The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.”

sites noun US /saɪts/

plural of “site” — the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading “The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.”

smitten adjective US /ˈsmɪtən/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading “"As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"”

speeding noun US /ˈspiːdɪŋ/

changing location rapidly

From this reading “Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.”

whole party adjective + noun

In this reading “Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.”

during the War preposition + article + noun counted as “during … war”

In this reading “The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.”

went back verb + particle counted as “go back”

belong to an earlier time

In this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

came down verb + adjective counted as “come down”

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

In this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

Some hours adjective + noun

In this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

some days adjective + noun

In this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

Old Fort adjective + noun

In this reading “Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1777

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/

plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

artfullyadverbUS /ˈɑːrtfəli/

in an artful manner

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

batterynounUS /ˈbætəri/

group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

climbedverbUS /klaɪmd/

past form of “climb” — go upward with gradual or continuous progress

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

ClintonnounUS /ˈklɪntən/

wife of President Clinton and later a woman member of the United States Senate (1947-)

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

dealtverbUS /delt/

inflected form of “deal” — act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

drillverbUS /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading West Point was their first halting-place.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

fortsnounUS /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

frightenedadjectiveUS /ˈfraɪtənd/

made afraid

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

garrisonnounUS /ˈɡærɪsən/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

halting-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading West Point was their first halting-place.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

IndependencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

Lossing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

MontgomerynounUS /mɑːntˈɡʌmri/

Canadian novelist (1874-1942)

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

MountverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading West Point was their first halting-place.

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

promisingadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːməsɪŋ/

showing possibility of achievement or excellence

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

PutverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

Raymond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

ShortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

sitesnounUS /saɪts/

plural of “site” — the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

smittenadjectiveUS /ˈsmɪtən/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

speedingnounUS /ˈspiːdɪŋ/

changing location rapidly

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

tellsnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading West Point was their first halting-place.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

visitedverbUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪd/

past form of “visit” — go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The captain pointed out the sites of forts Montgomery and Clinton as they passed, and told of their building by the Americans during the War of the Revolution and their destruction by the British in 1777.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Some hours were spent there; they were just in time for the battery drill; after that they climbed to the top of Mount Independence, enjoyed the view, and visited the ruins of "Old Fort Put"; came down, and then went back to their yacht, promising themselves another and longer visit to West Point some days later.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading West Point was their first halting-place.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

yachtnounUS /jɑːt/

an expensive vessel propelled by sail or power and used for cruising or racing

From this reading Shortly after breakfast the next morning the whole party were on the yacht, and it was speeding down the river.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading "As Lossing tells us," said Captain Raymond, "'They fell beneath one heavy blow suddenly and artfully dealt by a British force from New York, and the smitten garrison were scattered like frightened sheep upon the mountains.'"

Chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson by Martha Finley holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson contain?

Chapter 8 holds 108 sentences of Elsie on the Hudson, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson by Martha Finley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Elsie on the Hudson?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elsie on the Hudson

Common questions about reading Elsie on the Hudson by Martha Finley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elsie on the Hudson?

Yes. All 2909 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32163 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elsie on the Hudson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32163, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elsie on the Hudson take to read?

About 242 minutes of reading across 582 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elsie on the Hudson section by section

How to work through Elsie on the Hudson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Elsie on the Hudson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elsie on the Hudson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elsie on the Hudson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cottage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elsie on the Hudson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Almost
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elsie on the Hudson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Overflowingly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elsie on the Hudson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elsie on the Hudson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.