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Elsie Venner
Elsie Venner

Chapter VI · The Sunbeam and the Shadow

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.
In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.
Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.
The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.
Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elsie Venner

Chapter VI · The Sunbeam and the Shadow

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.
Line 2
In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.
Line 3
Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.
Line 4
The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.
Line 5
Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Argument noun US /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a reason or example used to support an idea

From this reading “The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.”

Something pronoun US /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading “In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.”

Tell noun US /tell/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.”

Virtue noun US /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading “The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

argumentnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a reason or example used to support an idea

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

arguments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

beat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

better

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

colonels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

counsel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

fellow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

follows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

generals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

goes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

GoodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

junior

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

leaders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

mainly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

midst

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

ministers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

multitude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

Old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

parishioners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

practice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

senior

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

showed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

tellnounUS /tell/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

Toulon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

unfrequently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The junior counsel has been known not unfrequently to make a better argument than his senior fellow,--if, indeed, he did not make both their arguments.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

virtues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

wanted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In the midst of the multitude which follows there is often something better than in the one that goes before.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The virtue of the world is not mainly in its leaders.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Good ministers will tell you they have parishioners who beat them in the practice of the virtues.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old generals wanted to take Toulon, but one of their young colonels showed them how.