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Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4
Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
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Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.
Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.
Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.
Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.
Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.
Line 2
Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.
/ˈruːdli kɑːrvd wɑːz ðə pɔːrtʃ wɪð siːts bɪˈniːθ ənd ə ˈfʊtpæθ led θruː æn ˈɔːrtʃərd waɪd ənd ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd ɪn ðə ˈmedoʊ/
Line 3
Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.
Line 4
Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.
Line 5
Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crowed verb US /kroʊd/

past form of “crow” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading “Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.”

footpath noun US /ˈfʊtpæθ/

a trodden path

From this reading “Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.”

hives noun US /haɪvz/

an itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins; usually the result of an allergic response to insect bites or food or drugs

From this reading “Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.”

overhung verb US /oʊvərˈhʌŋ/

inflected form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading “Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.”

penthouse noun US /ˈpenthaʊs/

an apartment located on the top floors of a building

From this reading “Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.”

ploughs noun US /plaʊz/

plural of “plough” — a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major

From this reading “Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.”

Shielding noun US /ˈʃiːldɪŋ/

the act of shielding from harm

From this reading “Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.”

sycamore noun US /ˈsɪkəmɔːr/

variably colored and sometimes variegated hard tough elastic wood of a sycamore tree

From this reading “Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

by the roadside preposition + article + noun counted as “by … roadside”

In this reading “Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.”

through an orchard preposition + article + noun counted as “through … orchard”

In this reading “Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.”

on the slope preposition + article + noun counted as “on … slope”

In this reading “Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.”

Stood on verb + particle

In this reading “Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.”

on the north preposition + article + noun counted as “on … north”

In this reading “Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.”

in the meadow preposition + article + noun counted as “in … meadow”

In this reading “Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

antiqueadjectiveUS /ænˈtiːk/

made in or typical of earlier times and valued for its age

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

barnsnounUS /bɑːrnz/

plural of “barn” — an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

blessedadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

broad-wheeled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

BucketnounUS /ˈbʌkət/

a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

builded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

BuiltadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

carvedadjectiveUS /kɑːrvd/

made for or formed by carving (“carven” is archaic or literary)

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

cockverbUS /kɑːk/

tilt or slant to one side

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

crowedverbUS /kroʊd/

past form of “crow” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

farm-yard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

farmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

FartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

fastenedadjectiveUS /ˈfæsənd/

firmly closed or secured

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

featheredadjectiveUS /ˈfeðərd/

adorned with feathers or plumes

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

FirmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

foldsnounUS /foʊldz/

plural of “fold” — an angular or rounded shape made by folding

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

footpathnounUS /ˈfʊtpæθ/

a trodden path

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

harrows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

hivesnounUS /haɪvz/

an itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins; usually the result of an allergic response to insect bites or food or drugs

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

imagenounUS /ˈɪmədʒ/

an iconic mental representation

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

LednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

lordlyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːrdliː/

of or befitting a lord

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

meadownounUS /ˈmedoʊ/

a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

moss-grownadjective

overgrown with moss

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

o'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

orchardnounUS /ˈɔːrtʃərd/

garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

overhungverbUS /oʊvərˈhʌŋ/

inflected form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

penitentnounUS /ˈpenɪtɪnt/

(Roman Catholic Church) a person who repents for wrongdoing (a Roman Catholic may be admitted to penance under the direction of a confessor)

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

penthousenounUS /ˈpenthaʊs/

an apartment located on the top floors of a building

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

PeternounUS /ˈpiːtər/

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

ploughsnounUS /plaʊz/

plural of “plough” — a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

porchnounUS /pɔːrtʃ/

a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

raftersnounUS /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

remoteadjectiveUS /rɪˈmoʊt/

located far away spatially

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

roadsidenounUS /ˈroʊdsaɪd/

edge of a way or road or path

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

RudelyadverbUS /ˈruːdli/

in an impolite manner

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

seesnounUS /siːz/

plural of “see” — the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

self-same

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

seraglionoun

living quarters reserved for wives and concubines and female relatives in a Muslim household

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

shadyadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪdi/

quiet, dark, or concealed

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

ShieldingnounUS /ˈʃiːldɪŋ/

the act of shielding from harm

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

startledadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtəld/

excited by sudden surprise or alarm and making a quick involuntary movement

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

StoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

stormsnounUS /stɔːrmz/

plural of “storm” — a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightning

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

Strutted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

SycamorenounUS /ˈsɪkəmɔːr/

variably colored and sometimes variegated hard tough elastic wood of a sycamore tree

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

sycamore-tree

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

travelernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

troughnounUS /trɔːf/

a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

turkeynounUS /ˈtɜːrki/

large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

VoicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

wains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were the barns and the farm-yard; There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique ploughs and the harrows; There were the folds for the sheep; and there, in his feathered seraglio, Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with the self-same Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent Peter.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well with its moss-grown Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for the horses.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a penthouse, Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the roadside, Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of Mary.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and a footpath Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the meadow.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

woodbinenoun

common North American vine with compound leaves and bluish-black berrylike fruit

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

wreathing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and a shady Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreathing around it.

Chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 by William H. (William Harris) Elson holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 420 sentences of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 by William H. (William Harris) Elson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4

Common questions about reading Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 by William H. (William Harris) Elson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4?

Yes. All 5153 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6963 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6963, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 take to read?

About 429 minutes of reading across 1031 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 section by section

How to work through Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4

Words and structures a reader meets early in Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Principal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sigsbee
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Elson Grammar School Literature, Book 4; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.