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England's Antiphon
England's Antiphon

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of England's Antiphon is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.
We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.
From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.
It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.
Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

England's Antiphon

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of England's Antiphon is here in full — 295 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.
Line 2
We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.
/wiː hæv naʊ ərˈaɪvd æt ðə ˈbɔːrdərz ʌv ə lɔːŋ ˈdrɪri trækt wɪtʃ ˈhæpəli fɔːr maɪ ˈriːdərz aɪ kæn ˈʃɔːrtən fɔːr ðem ɪn ðɪs maɪ ˈretrəspekt/
Line 3
From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.
/frʌm ðə haɪts ʌv ˈhenri vɔːnz vɜːrs aɪ lʊk əˈkrɔːs ə ˈstoʊni ˈriːdʒən wɪð ə fjuː ˈfiːbəl oʊˈeɪsiz ˈskætərd ˈoʊvər ɪt ənd ə ˈheɪzi ɡriːn ɪn ðə ˈdɪstəns/
Line 4
It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.
Line 5
Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.
/ˈhenri vɔːn bɪˈlɔːŋz tuː ðə ˈmɪstɪkəl skuːl bʌt hɪz ˈpoʊətri ruːlz hɪz ˈθɪriz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dreariness noun US /ˈdriːrinəs/

extreme dullness; lacking spirit or interest

From this reading “It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.”

hazy adjective US /ˈheɪzi/

filled or abounding with fog or mist

From this reading “From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.”

mystical adjective US /ˈmɪstɪkəl/

relating to or characteristic of mysticism

From this reading “Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.”

oases noun US /oʊˈeɪsiz/

plural of “oasis” — a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)

From this reading “From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.”

retrospect noun US /ˈretrəspekt/

contemplation of things past

From this reading “We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.”

shorten verb US /ˈʃɔːrtən/

make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration

From this reading “We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.”

vaughan noun US /vɔːn/

United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)

From this reading “A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.”

Vaughan's noun US /vɔːnz/

possessive form of “vaughan” — United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)

From this reading “From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

belongsverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋz/

third-person singular of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

bordersnounUS /ˈbɔːrdərz/

plural of “border” — a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

drearinessnounUS /ˈdriːrinəs/

extreme dullness; lacking spirit or interest

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

drearyadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

happilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

hazyadjectiveUS /ˈheɪzi/

filled or abounding with fog or mist

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

heightsnounUS /haɪts/

a high place

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

HENRYnounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

MOUNTverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

mysticaladjectiveUS /ˈmɪstɪkəl/

relating to or characteristic of mysticism

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

oasesnounUS /oʊˈeɪsiz/

plural of “oasis” — a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

pavedadjectiveUS /peɪvd/

covered with a firm surface

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

retrospectnounUS /ˈretrəspekt/

contemplation of things past

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

shortenverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtən/

make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

skilfullyadverb

with skill

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

softenverbUS /ˈsɑːfən/

make (images or sounds) soft or softer

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

spacesnounUS /ˈspeɪsəz/

plural of “space” — the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

stonyadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It does not soften the dreariness that its stones are all laid in order, that the spaces which should be meadows are skilfully paved.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

theoriesnounUS /ˈθɪriz/

plural of “theory” — a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Henry Vaughan belongs to the mystical school, but his poetry rules his theories.

tractnounUS /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

VAUGHANnounUS /vɔːn/

United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

Vaughan'snounUS /vɔːnz/

possessive form of “vaughan” — United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

VISIONnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading A MOUNT OF VISION--HENRY VAUGHAN.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We have now arrived at the borders of a long, dreary tract, which, happily for my readers, I can shorten for them in this my retrospect.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From the heights of Henry Vaughan's verse, I look across a stony region, with a few feeble oases scattered over it, and a hazy green in the distance.

Chapter 18 of England's Antiphon by George MacDonald holds 295 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of England's Antiphon contain?

Chapter 18 holds 295 sentences of England's Antiphon, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of England's Antiphon by George MacDonald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 295 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of England's Antiphon?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading England's Antiphon

Common questions about reading England's Antiphon by George MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of England's Antiphon?

Yes. All 3503 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10375 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of England's Antiphon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10375, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does England's Antiphon take to read?

About 291 minutes of reading across 701 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read England's Antiphon section by section

How to work through England's Antiphon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in England's Antiphon

Words and structures a reader meets early in England's Antiphon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sacred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of England's Antiphon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lyrics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of England's Antiphon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thirteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of England's Antiphon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of England's Antiphon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.