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English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I
English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I

Chapter III · Miscellaneous Ballads, especially Humorous, Satirical,

Chapter III of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I, “Miscellaneous Ballads, especially Humorous, Satirical,,” is here in full — 813 sentences across 163 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I
Context Illustration Reading 1/162 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.
For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.
Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.
In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.
The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I

Chapter III · Miscellaneous Ballads, especially Humorous, Satirical,

Chapter III of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I, “Miscellaneous Ballads, especially Humorous, Satirical,,” is here in full — 813 sentences across 163 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/162 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.
/bərˈlesk ˈɔːlsoʊ sʌm ˈspesəmənz ʌv ðə ˈmɔːrəl ənd ˈskrɪptʃərəl ənd ɔːl sʌtʃ ˈpiːsəz æz hæd bɪn ˈoʊvərlʊkt ɪn ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ ðə ˈɜːrliər ˈvɑːljuːmz/
Line 2
For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.
/fɔːr ðə teksts ðə ruːl hæz bɪn tuː səˈlekt ðə moʊst əˈθentɪk ˈkɑːpiz ənd tuː riˈprɪnt ðem æz ðeɪ stænd ɪn ðə kəˈlekʃənz rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ ˈriːdɪŋz ðæt hæd bɪn tʃeɪndʒd wɪˈθaʊt ɡraʊndz ənd ˈnoʊtɪŋ ɔːl diviˈeɪʃənz frʌm ðə ərˈɪdʒənəlz ˈweðər ðoʊz ʌv ˈpriːviəs ˈedɪtərz ɔːr ʌv ðɪs əˈdɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈmɑːrdʒən/
Line 3
Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.
/ˌɪˈtɜːrpəleɪʃənz ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd baɪ ðə ˈedɪtərz hæv ˈdʒenərəli bɪn drɑːpt/
Line 4
In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.
Line 5
The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amended adjective US /əˈmendɪd/

of legislation

From this reading “In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.”

deviations noun US /diviˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “deviation” — a variation that deviates from the standard or norm

From this reading “For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.”

Interpolations noun US /ˌɪˈtɜːrpəleɪʃənz/

plural of “interpolation” — a message (spoken or written) that is introduced or inserted

From this reading “Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.”

Introductory adjective US /ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri/

serving to open or begin

From this reading “The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.”

originals noun US /ərˈɪdʒənəlz/

plural of “original” — an original creation (i.e., an audio recording) from which copies can be made

From this reading “For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.”

reprint noun US /riˈprɪnt/

a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale

From this reading “For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.”

Scriptural adjective US /ˈskrɪptʃərəl/

of or pertaining to or contained in or in accordance with the Bible

From this reading “Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.”

superseded verb US /ˌsuːpərˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “supersede” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading “In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greatly improved adverb + adjective

In this reading “In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.”

recently discovered adverb + adjective

In this reading “In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.”

most authentic adverb + adjective

In this reading “For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.”

first volume adjective + noun

In this reading “In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

AdamnounUS /ˈædəm/

(Old Testament) in Judeo-Christian mythology; the first man and the husband of Eve and the progenitor of the human race

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

amendedadjectiveUS /əˈmendɪd/

of legislation

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

arrangingnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

authenticadjectiveUS /əˈθentɪk/

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

balladsnounUS /ˈbælədz/

plural of “ballad” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

BelnounUS /bel/

a logarithmic unit of sound intensity equal to 10 decibels

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

BurlesquenounUS /bərˈlesk/

a theatrical entertainment of broad and earthy humor; consists of comic skits and short turns (and sometimes striptease)

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

collectionsnounUS /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

ColliernounUS /ˈkɑːljər/

someone who works in a coal mine

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

communicatedverbUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪtɪd/

past form of “communicate” — transmit information

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

copiesnounUS /ˈkɑːpiz/

plural of “copy” — a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

deviationsnounUS /diviˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “deviation” — a variation that deviates from the standard or norm

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

Esqnoun

a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

fifthnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

fragmentnounUS /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

Halliwell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

HornnounUS /hɔːrn/

a noisemaker (as at parties or games) that makes a loud noise when you blow through it

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

instancesnounUS /ˈɪnstənsəz/

plural of “instance” — an occurrence of something

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

InterpolationsnounUS /ˌɪˈtɜːrpəleɪʃənz/

plural of “interpolation” — a message (spoken or written) that is introduced or inserted

From this reading Interpolations acknowledged by the editors have generally been dropped.

IntroductoryadjectiveUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri/

serving to open or begin

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

manuscriptnounUS /ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/

A book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed.

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

marginnounUS /ˈmɑːrdʒən/

the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

meagreadjective

deficient in amount or quality or extent

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

MoraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

NoticesnounUS /ˈnoʊtəsəz/

plural of “notice” — an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

notingverbUS /ˈnoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “note” — make mention of

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

originalsnounUS /ərˈɪdʒənəlz/

plural of “original” — an original creation (i.e., an audio recording) from which copies can be made

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

overlookedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlʊkt/

not taken into account

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

prefixed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

readingsnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋz/

plural of “reading” — the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

recentlyadverbUS /ˈriːsəntli/

in the recent past

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

reprintnounUS /riˈprɪnt/

a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

restoringverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

ScripturaladjectiveUS /ˈskrɪptʃərəl/

of or pertaining to or contained in or in accordance with the Bible

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

selectadjectiveUS /səˈlekt/

of superior grade

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading The Introductory Notices prefixed to the several ballads may seem dry and somewhat meagre.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

supersededverbUS /ˌsuːpərˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “supersede” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

TextsnounUS /teksts/

plural of “text” — the words of something written

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Burlesque; also some specimens of the Moral and Scriptural, and all such pieces as had been overlooked in arranging the earlier volumes.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In two instances only have previously printed texts been superseded or greatly improved: the text of _The Horn of King Arthur_, in the first volume, was furnished from the manuscript, by J.O. Halliwell, Esq., and _Adam Bel_, in the fifth volume, has been amended by a recently discovered fragment of an excellent edition, kindly communicated by J.P. Collier, Esq.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading For the Texts, the rule has been to select the most authentic copies, and to reprint them as they stand in the collections, restoring readings that had been changed without grounds, and noting all deviations from the originals, whether those of previous editors or of this edition, in the margin.

Chapter 3 of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I by Francis James [Editor] Child holds 813 sentences, grouped into 163 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I contain?

Chapter 3 holds 813 sentences of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I, unabridged, divided into 163 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I by Francis James [Editor] Child exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 813 sentences, grouped into 163 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I?

Work through the 163 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 163 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I

Common questions about reading English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I by Francis James [Editor] Child on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I?

Yes. All 3317 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37031 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37031, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 664 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I section by section

How to work through English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I

Words and structures a reader meets early in English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Linenotes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grouped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ballad
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Linenote
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.