Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)
English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.
On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’
The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.
Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.
It is _Sauve qui peut_.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.
/ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk ˈhændbɪlz/
Line 2
On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’
Line 3
The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.
/ðə frentʃ fliːt ɪz ˈnɪrɪŋ lænd ənd boʊts fʊl ʌv ɑːrmd men ɑːr ˈpʌtɪŋ ɔːf/
Line 4
Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.
Line 5
It is _Sauve qui peut_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bonaparte noun US /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading “Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.”

Britain noun US /ˈbrɪtən/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading “On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’”

handbills noun US /ˈhændbɪlz/

plural of “handbill” — an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution

From this reading “PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.”

Invasion noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading “On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’”

nearing verb US /ˈnɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “near” — move towards

From this reading “The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.”

patriotic adjective US /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

inspired by love for your country

From this reading “PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.”

routed verb US /ˈruːtɪd/

past form of “route” — send documents or materials to appropriate destinations

From this reading “Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.”

scale noun US /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading “Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

armed men adjective + noun

In this reading “The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.”

large body adjective + noun

In this reading “Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.”

on the shore preposition + article + noun counted as “on … shore”

In this reading “Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

1803

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

artillerymen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

boatsnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

BonapartenounUS /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

BritainnounUS /ˈbrɪtən/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

Buonaparte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

extra-sized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

Gillray

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

HANDBILLSnounUS /ˈhændbɪlz/

plural of “handbill” — an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution

From this reading PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

InvasionnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is _Sauve qui peut_.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

landedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

LandingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

nearingverbUS /ˈnɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “near” — move towards

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

PATRIOTICadjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

inspired by love for your country

From this reading PATRIOTIC HANDBILLS.

peut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is _Sauve qui peut_.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading On June 10, 1803, Gillray published an extra-sized picture of ‘French Invasion--or Buonaparte Landing in Great Britain.’

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

qui

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is _Sauve qui peut_.

routedverbUS /ˈruːtɪd/

past form of “route” — send documents or materials to appropriate destinations

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

Sauve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is _Sauve qui peut_.

scalenounUS /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The French fleet is nearing land, and boats, full of armed men, are putting off.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Bonaparte, and a large body of troops, including cavalry, have landed; but, before they can scale the cliffs, and are yet on the shore, a few artillerymen, with two guns, have utterly routed them.

Chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) by John Ashton holds 90 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 27 holds 90 sentences of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) by John Ashton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 90 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)

Common questions about reading English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) by John Ashton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)?

Yes. All 2967 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50184 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50184, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) take to read?

About 247 minutes of reading across 594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) section by section

How to work through English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Superscripted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Characters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preceded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Caret
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.