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English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)
English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By John Ashton • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.
1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.
In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.
An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’
On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.
Line 2
1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.
Line 3
In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.
Line 4
An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’
Line 5
On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’
/ɑːn ðer niːz ɑːr ðə ˈpɑːlɪʃ ˈmæɡneɪts huː ɪkˈskleɪm wʌt ə ˈhæpi deɪ fɔːr ˈpoʊlənd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Boney adjective US /ˈboʊni/

having bones especially many or prominent bones

From this reading “1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Britains noun US /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “britain” — a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading “1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
commences verb US /kəˈmensəz/

third-person singular of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
depicts verb US /dɪˈpɪkts/

third-person singular of “depict” — show in, or as in, a picture

From this reading “An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
emperors noun US /ˈempərərz/

plural of “emperor” — the male ruler of an empire

From this reading “NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
magnates noun US /ˈmæɡneɪts/

plural of “magnate” — a very wealthy or powerful businessman

From this reading “On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
napoleon's noun US /nəˈpoʊliənz/

possessive form of “napoleon” — French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Warsaw noun US /ˈwɔːrsɔː/

the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland

From this reading “In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

in lieu preposition + noun

In this reading “1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.”

2,096 times in 426,212 chapters
same year adjective + noun

In this reading “In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.”

2,231 times in 426,212 chapters
happy day adjective + noun

In this reading “On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’”

2,184 times in 426,212 chapters

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Pending verification
18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Pending verification
1806

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Pending verification
1807

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Pending verification
adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
BASEnounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BoneyadjectiveUS /ˈboʊni/

having bones especially many or prominent bones

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Bonne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Pending verification
Bouche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Pending verification
bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BritainsnounUS /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “britain” — a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BULLnounUS /bʊl/

uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CAMPAIGNnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CAPTUREverbUS /ˈkæptʃər/

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
commencesverbUS /kəˈmensəz/

third-person singular of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DANISHnounUS /ˈdeɪnɪʃ/

a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
depictsverbUS /dɪˈpɪkts/

third-person singular of “depict” — show in, or as in, a picture

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EMPERORSnounUS /ˈempərərz/

plural of “emperor” — the male ruler of an empire

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EntrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
exclaimverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪm/

utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EYLAU

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

Pending verification
FLEETnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
graspingnounUS /ˈɡræspɪŋ/

understanding with difficulty

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
lieunounUS /luː/

the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
magnatesnounUS /ˈmæɡneɪts/

plural of “magnate” — a very wealthy or powerful businessman

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MEETINGnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NAPOLEON'SnounUS /nəˈpoʊliənz/

possessive form of “napoleon” — French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading An unknown artist (January 1807) depicts ‘The Entrance into Poland or another Bonne Bouche for Boney.’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
personagenoun

another word for person; a person not meriting identification

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
PolandnounUS /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
POLISHnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
reveredadjectiveUS /rɪˈvɪrd/

profoundly honored

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

Velmora curated lexicon
seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
StrikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
tightlyadverbUS /ˈtaɪtli/

in a tight or constricted manner

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
TILSIT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading NAPOLEON’S POLISH CAMPAIGN--BATTLE OF EYLAU--MEETING OF THE EMPERORS AT TILSIT--CAPTURE OF THE DANISH FLEET.

Pending verification
unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
VillainnounUS /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
WarsawnounUS /ˈwɔːrsɔː/

the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading On their knees are the Polish magnates, who exclaim: ‘What a happy day for Poland!’

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading 1807 commences with ‘JOHN BULL playing on the BASE Villain’ (artist unknown, January 1, 1807), in which we see that revered personage playing ‘Britains Strike home’ on poor Boney, with a sword in lieu of a bow, and grasping him tightly round the neck.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In November 1806, Napoleon, with his army, had entered Poland, and, on December 18 of the same year, he entered Warsaw.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) by John Ashton holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 7 holds 111 sentences of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) by John Ashton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)

Common questions about reading English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) by John Ashton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)?

Yes. All 2772 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50185 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50185, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) take to read?

About 231 minutes of reading across 555 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) section by section

How to work through English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Superscripted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Characters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preceded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Caret
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Caricature and Satire on Napoleon I. Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.