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English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century
English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century is here in full — 381 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.
The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.
The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.
All violent feelings have the same effect.
They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the Pathetic Fallacy’.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century is here in full — 381 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.
/ðeɪ roʊd hɜːr ɪn əˈkrɔːs ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ foʊm ðə ˈkruːəl ˈkrɔːlɪŋ foʊm/
Line 2
The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.
/ðə foʊm ɪz nɑːt ˈkruːəl ˈniːðər dʌz ɪt krɔːl/
Line 3
The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.
/ðə steɪt ʌv maɪnd wɪtʃ ˈætrəbjuːts tuː ɪt ðiːz ˈkærəktərz ʌv ə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈkriːtʃər ɪz wʌn ɪn wɪtʃ ðə ˈriːzən ɪz ənˈhɪndʒd baɪ ɡriːf/
Line 4
All violent feelings have the same effect.
/ɔːl ˈvaɪələnt ˈfiːlɪŋz hæv ðə seɪm ɪˈfekt/
Line 5
They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as thePathetic Fallacy’.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attributes noun US /ˈætrəbjuːts/

plural of “attribute” — a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

From this reading “The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.”

characterize verb US /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading “They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.”

crawl verb US /krɔːl/

move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading “The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.”

crawling noun US /ˈkrɔːlɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading “They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.”

external adjective US /ɪkˈstɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface

From this reading “They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.”

Fallacy noun US /ˈfæləsi/

a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

From this reading “They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.”

rowed verb US /roʊd/

past form of “row” — propel with oars

From this reading “They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.”

unhinged adjective US /ənˈhɪndʒd/

affected with madness or insanity

From this reading “The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

living creature noun + noun

In this reading “The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.”

external things adjective + noun

In this reading “They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.”

same effect adjective + noun

In this reading “All violent feelings have the same effect.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

attributesnounUS /ˈætrəbjuːts/

plural of “attribute” — a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

characterizeverbUS /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

charactersnounUS /ˈkærəktərz/

plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

crawlverbUS /krɔːl/

move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

crawlingnounUS /ˈkrɔːlɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

externaladjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

FallacynounUS /ˈfæləsi/

a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

falsenessnoun

the state of being false or untrue

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

foamnounUS /foʊm/

a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

impressionsnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/

plural of “impression” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The foam is not cruel, neither does it crawl.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

PatheticadjectiveUS /pəˈθetɪk/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

rowedverbUS /roʊd/

past form of “row” — propel with oars

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They rowed her in across the rolling foam-- The cruel, crawling foam.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

unhingedadjectiveUS /ənˈhɪndʒd/

affected with madness or insanity

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

violentadjectiveUS /ˈvaɪələnt/

acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity

From this reading All violent feelings have the same effect.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The state of mind which attributes to it these characters of a living creature is one in which the reason is unhinged by grief.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They produce in us a falseness in all our impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’.

Chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century by Edmund D. (Edmund David) [Editor] Jones holds 381 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century contain?

Chapter 10 holds 381 sentences of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century by Edmund D. (Edmund David) [Editor] Jones exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 381 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #31283, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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English
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