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English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century
English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?
What are the limits of knowledge?
The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.
What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?
Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.
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Archivist
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century is here in full — 388 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?
/ðə mæn ʌv ˈsaɪəns æsks ɑːr ˈæbsəluːt ˈprɪnsəpəlz əˈteɪnəbəl/
Line 2
What are the limits of knowledge?
/wʌt ɑːr ðə ˈlɪməts ʌv ˈnɑːlədʒ/
Line 3
The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.
/ðə ˈænsər hiː rəˈsiːvz frʌm ˈsaɪəns ˌɪtˈself ɪz nɑːt æmˈbɪɡjuːəs/
Line 4
What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?
/wʌt ðə ˈmɔːrəlɪst æsks ɪz ʃæl wiː ɡeɪn ɔːr luːz baɪ sərˈendərɪŋ ˈhjuːmən laɪf tuː ðə ˈrelətɪv ˈspɪrət/
Line 5
Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ambiguous adjective US /æmˈbɪɡjuːəs/

open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead

From this reading “The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.”

attainable adjective US /əˈteɪnəbəl/

capable of being attained or accomplished

From this reading “The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?”

dominant adjective US /ˈdɑːmənənt/

exercising influence or control

From this reading “Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.”

moralist noun US /ˈmɔːrəlɪst/

a philosopher who specializes in morals and moral problems

From this reading “What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?”

phlegmatic adjective US /fleɡˈmætɪk/

showing little emotion

From this reading “Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.”

receives verb US /rəˈsiːvz/

third-person singular of “receive” — get something; come into possession of

From this reading “The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.”

routine noun US /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading “Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.”

surrendering verb US /sərˈendərɪŋ/

-ing form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading “What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

human life adjective + noun

In this reading “What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?”

receives from verb + particle counted as “receive from”

In this reading “The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

ambiguousadjectiveUS /æmˈbɪɡjuːəs/

open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

Areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

ascertainedadjectiveUS /ˌæsərˈteɪnd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

asksverbUS /æsks/

third-person singular of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

attainableadjectiveUS /əˈteɪnəbəl/

capable of being attained or accomplished

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

dominantadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːmənənt/

exercising influence or control

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

ExperienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading What are the limits of knowledge?

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

limitsnounUS /ˈlɪməts/

plural of “limit” — the greatest possible degree of something

From this reading What are the limits of knowledge?

loseverbUS /luːz/

fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

moralistnounUS /ˈmɔːrəlɪst/

a philosopher who specializes in morals and moral problems

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

phlegmaticadjectiveUS /fleɡˈmætɪk/

showing little emotion

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

receivesverbUS /rəˈsiːvz/

third-person singular of “receive” — get something; come into possession of

From this reading The answer he receives from science itself is not ambiguous.

relativenounUS /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

routinenounUS /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

servantsnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənts/

plural of “servant” — a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

Shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

surrenderingverbUS /sərˈendərɪŋ/

-ing form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

tendencynounUS /ˈtendənsi/

an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The man of science asks, Are absolute principles attainable?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Experience answers, that the dominant tendency of life is to turn ascertained truth into a dead letter--to make us all the phlegmatic servants of routine.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading What the moralist asks is, Shall we gain or lose by surrendering human life to the relative spirit?

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What are the limits of knowledge?

Chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century by Edmund D. (Edmund David) [Editor] Jones holds 388 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century contain?

Chapter 14 holds 388 sentences of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century by Edmund D. (Edmund David) [Editor] Jones exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 388 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

Common questions about reading English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century by Edmund D. (Edmund David) [Editor] Jones on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 5718 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31283 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #31283, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 476 minutes of reading across 1144 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in English Critical Essays: Nineteenth Century

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