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English Literature for Boys and Girls
English Literature for Boys and Girls

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.
Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.
And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.
It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.
Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Literature for Boys and Girls

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.
/ˈaʊər ˈɜːrliəst ˈlɪtərətʃər wɑːz ˈhɪstəri ənd ˈpoʊətri/
Line 2
Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.
Line 3
And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.
/ənd wen aɪ seɪ ˈhɪstəri aɪ duː nɑːt miːn ˈhɪstəri æz wiː noʊ ɪt/
Line 4
It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.
/ɪt wɑːz ðen ˈmɪrli ðə ˈɡælənt teɪl ʌv sʌm ˈhɪroʊz diːdz ˈlɪsənd tuː bɪˈkɔːz ɪt wɑːz ə ˈɡælənt teɪl/
Line 5
Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.
/naʊ ðə ˈpiːpəl huː lɪvd ɪn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ aɪlz lɔːŋ əˈɡoʊ wɜːr nɑːt ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

British noun US /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading “Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.”

deeds noun US /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading “It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.”

earliest adjective US /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading “OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.”

gallant adjective US /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading “It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.”

hero's noun US /ˈhɪroʊz/

possessive form of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading “It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.”

Isles noun US /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading “Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.”

minstrels noun US /ˈmɪnstrəlz/

plural of “minstrel” — a singer of folk songs

From this reading “Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.”

songs noun US /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading “Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

bards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

far-offadjective

very far away in space or time

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

hero'snounUS /ˈhɪroʊz/

possessive form of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

IndeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

IslesnounUS /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

listenedverbUS /ˈlɪsənd/

past form of “listen” — hear with intention

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

minstrelsnounUS /ˈmɪnstrəlz/

plural of “minstrel” — a singer of folk songs

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

OURdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was then merely the gallant tale of some hero's deeds listened to because it was a gallant tale.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading OUR earliest literature was history and poetry.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Indeed, we might say poetry only, for in those far-off times history was always poetry, it being only through the songs of the bards and minstrels that history was known.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading And when I say history I do not mean history as we know it.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Now the people who lived in the British Isles long ago were not English.

Chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls by H. E. (Henrietta Elizabeth) Marshall holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls contain?

Chapter 1 holds 160 sentences of English Literature for Boys and Girls, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls by H. E. (Henrietta Elizabeth) Marshall exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of English Literature for Boys and Girls?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Literature for Boys and Girls

Common questions about reading English Literature for Boys and Girls by H. E. (Henrietta Elizabeth) Marshall on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English Literature for Boys and Girls?

Yes. All 10405 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5725 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English Literature for Boys and Girls is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5725, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English Literature for Boys and Girls take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2081 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read English Literature for Boys and Girls section by section

How to work through English Literature for Boys and Girls section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of English Literature for Boys and Girls to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in English Literature for Boys and Girls

Words and structures a reader meets early in English Literature for Boys and Girls, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Earliest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Literature for Boys and Girls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Literature for Boys and Girls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Literature for Boys and Girls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poetry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Literature for Boys and Girls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.