adeterminerUS /ə/
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
abbots
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
andconjunctionUS /ənd/
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
backadverbUS /bæk/
in or to or toward a former location
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
BedenounUS /biːd/
(Roman Catholic Church) English monk and scholar (672-735)
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/
earlier than; in front of
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
booksnounUS /bʊks/
Bound written or printed works.
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
broughtverbUS /brɔːt/
inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
butconjunctionUS /bʌt/
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
Caedmon
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
cameverbUS /keɪm/
inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/
The middle point or core of an area.
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/
made or become different in nature or form
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/
a division of the United Kingdom
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/
an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/
the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
fromprepositionUS /frʌm/
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/
(of animals) fully developed
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/
moving to the inside of something
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
Jarrow
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
journeysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniz/
plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/
of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
laysnounUS /leɪz/
plural of “lay” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/
the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
librariesnounUS /ˈlaɪbreriːz/
plural of “library” — a room where books are kept
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/
produced by a manufacturing process
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
monasteriesnounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteriz/
plural of “monastery” — the residence of a religious community
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
monasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/
the residence of a religious community
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
MSS
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
Northumbrianoun
an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
Northumbrian
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
notadverbUS /nɑːt/
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/
and nothing more
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
partsnounUS /pɑːrts/
the local environment
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
passedverbUS /pæst/
past form of “pass” — go across or through
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/
characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
RomenounUS /roʊm/
capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
sangnounUS /sæŋ/
North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
ScholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/
plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
sentnounUS /sent/
100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
teachersnounUS /ˈtiːtʃərz/
plural of “teacher” — a person whose occupation is teaching
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
ThedeterminerUS /ðə/
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
thempronounUS /ðem/
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/
an old word meaning “to that place”
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
TimesnounUS /taɪmz/
a more or less definite period of time now or previously present
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
toparticleUS /tuː/
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/
a source of difficulty
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/
go to see a place, as for entertainment
From this reading Scholars from all parts of Europe came to visit the Northumbrian monasteries, or sent thither for teachers.
warnounUS /wɔːr/
the waging of armed conflict against an enemy
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
Wearmouth
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/
relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
WHILEconjunctionUS /waɪl/
during the time that
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
withprepositionUS /wɪð/
in the company of; together with
From this reading The abbots of Jarrow and Wearmouth made journeys to Rome and brought back with them precious MSS. for the monastery libraries.
wroteverbUS /roʊt/
inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work
From this reading WHILE Caedmon sang his English lays and Bede wrote his Latin books, Northumbria had grown into a center, not only of English learning, but of learning for western Europe.
yearsnounUS /jɪrz/
a late time of life
From this reading But before many years had passed all that was changed.
yetconjunctionUS /jet/
but in spite of that
From this reading Times of war and trouble were not yet over for England.
