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English Satires
English Satires

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of English Satires is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
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The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.
Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.
We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.
Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.
Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Satires

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of English Satires is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.
/ðə ˈɜːrli jɪrz ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˈsentʃəri stɪl felt ðə ˈɪnfluːəns ʌv ðə sɑːrˈdɑːnɪk ˈrɪdəkjuːl wɪtʃ prɪˈveɪld ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈkloʊzɪŋ jɪrz ʌv ðə ˈpriːviəs wʌn ənd ðə ˈsætərəsts huː əˈpɪrd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fɜːrst deˈkeɪdz ʌv ðə ˈfɔːrmər bɪˈlɔːŋd tuː ðə roʊˈbʌst ɔːr ˌenərˈdʒetɪk ˈɔːrdər/
Line 2
Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.
Line 3
We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.
/wiː naʊ riːtʃ ðə læst ʌv ðə ˈɡreɪtər ˈsætərəsts ðæt hæv əˈdɔːrnd ˈaʊər ˈlɪtərətʃər wʌn huː ɪz ɪn ˈmeni rɪˈspekts ə ˈwɜːr.ði pɪr ʌv ˈdraɪdən swɪft ənd poʊp/
Line 4
Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.
/lɔːrd ˈbaɪrənz feɪm æz ə ˈsætərəst rests ɑːn θriː ɡreɪt wɜːrks iːtʃ ʌv ðem ˌɪˈlʌstrətɪv ʌv ə dɪˈstɪŋkt taɪp ʌv ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/
Line 5
Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Byron's noun US /ˈbaɪrənz/

possessive form of “byron” — English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)

From this reading “Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.”

decades noun US /deˈkeɪdz/

plural of “decade” — a period of 10 years

From this reading “The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.”

illustrative adjective US /ˌɪˈlʌstrətɪv/

clarifying by use of examples

From this reading “Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.”

masterpieces noun US /ˈmæstərpiːsəz/

plural of “masterpiece” — the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading “Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.”

satires noun US /ˈsætaɪərz/

plural of “satire” — witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading “Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.”

satiric adjective US /səˈtɪrɪk/

exposing human folly to ridicule

From this reading “Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.”

satirist noun US /ˈsætərəst/

a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading “Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.”

satirists noun US /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading “The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

adornedadjectiveUS /əˈdɔːrnd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

belongedverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋd/

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

Beppo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

Byron'snounUS /ˈbaɪrənz/

possessive form of “byron” — English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

closingnounUS /ˈkloʊzɪŋ/

the act of closing something

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

compositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

decadesnounUS /deˈkeɪdz/

plural of “decade” — a period of 10 years

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

distinctadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋkt/

(often followed by “from”) not alike; different in nature or quality

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

DrydennounUS /ˈdraɪdən/

the outstanding poet and dramatist of the Restoration (1631-1700)

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

energeticadjectiveUS /ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/

possessing or exerting or displaying energy

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

illustrativeadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈlʌstrətɪv/

clarifying by use of examples

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

Juan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

JudgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

masterpiecesnounUS /ˈmæstərpiːsəz/

plural of “masterpiece” — the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

nayexclamationUS /neɪ/

an old word for “no”

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

OtheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

peernounUS /pɪr/

a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

restsnounUS /rests/

plural of “rest” — something left after other parts have been taken away

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

ridiculenounUS /ˈrɪdəkjuːl/

language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

robustadjectiveUS /roʊˈbʌst/

sturdy and strong in form, constitution, or construction

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

sardonicadjectiveUS /sɑːrˈdɑːnɪk/

disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

satiresnounUS /ˈsætaɪərz/

plural of “satire” — witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

satiricadjectiveUS /səˈtɪrɪk/

exposing human folly to ridicule

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

satiristnounUS /ˈsætərəst/

a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

satiristsnounUS /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

SwiftadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Lord Byron's fame as a satirist rests on three great works, each of them illustrative of a distinct type of composition.

VisionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

well-nighadverb

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Their names and their works are well-nigh forgotten.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading We now reach the last of the greater satirists that have adorned our literature, one who is in many respects a worthy peer of Dryden, Swift, and Pope.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Other satires he has written, nay, the satiric quality is present more or less in nearly all he produced; but _The Vision of Judgment_, _Beppo_, and _Don Juan_ are his three masterpieces in this style of literature.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The early years of the present century still felt the influence of the sardonic ridicule which prevailed during the closing years of the previous one, and the satirists who appeared during the first decades of the former belonged to the robust or energetic order.

Chapter 2 of English Satires by William Henry Oliphant [Editor] Smeaton holds 223 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of English Satires contain?

Chapter 2 holds 223 sentences of English Satires, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of English Satires by William Henry Oliphant [Editor] Smeaton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 223 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of English Satires?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Satires

Common questions about reading English Satires by William Henry Oliphant [Editor] Smeaton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English Satires?

Yes. All 3748 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16126 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English Satires is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16126, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English Satires take to read?

About 312 minutes of reading across 750 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read English Satires section by section

How to work through English Satires section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of English Satires to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in English Satires

Words and structures a reader meets early in English Satires, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Satires; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gresham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Satires; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Publishing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Satires; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Satires; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.