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English Verse
English Verse

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of English Verse is here in full — 348 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).
This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.
It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.
Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!
O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

English Verse

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of English Verse is here in full — 348 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).
Line 2
This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.
Line 3
It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.
Line 4
Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!
Line 5
O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

consonant noun US /ˈkɑːnsənənt/

a speech sound that is not a vowel

From this reading “Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!”

epigrammatic adjective US /ˌepəɡrəˈmætɪk/

terse and witty and like a maxim

From this reading “It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.”

experimented verb US /ɪkˈsperəməntəd/

past form of “experiment” — to conduct a test or investigation

From this reading “Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).”

Miscellany noun US /ˈmɪsəleɪni/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading “Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).”

octave noun US /ˈɑːktɪv/

a feast day and the seven days following it

From this reading “This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.”

prisoner's noun US /ˈprɪzənərz/

possessive form of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading “O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.”

rime noun US /raɪm/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.”

Wyatt noun US /ˈwaɪət/

English architect (1746-1813)

From this reading “Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

quite different adverb + adjective

In this reading “It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.”

introduced into verb + particle counted as “introduce into”

In this reading “Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.”

poor man's adjective + noun counted as “poor man”

In this reading “O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.”

new form adjective + noun

In this reading “This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.”

taste for verb + particle

In this reading “Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!”

judge between verb + particle

In this reading “O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.”

by side preposition + noun

In this reading “Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

37

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

adoptionnounUS /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

alternateadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərnət/

every second one of a series

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

baiting-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

balmnounUS /bɑːm/

any of various aromatic resinous substances used for healing and soothing

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

ComeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

consonantnounUS /ˈkɑːnsənənt/

a speech sound that is not a vowel

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

correctverbUS /kərˈekt/

make right or correct

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

coupletnoun

two items of the same kind

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

dartsnounUS /dɑːrts/

a game in which small pointed missiles are thrown at a dartboard

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

DespairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

devisedverbUS /dɪˈvaɪzd/

past form of “devise” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

dothauxiliary verbUS /dɔːθ/

an old form of “does”

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

epigrammaticadjectiveUS /ˌepəɡrəˈmætɪk/

terse and witty and like a maxim

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

experimentedverbUS /ɪkˈsperəməntəd/

past form of “experiment” — to conduct a test or investigation

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

favoritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

something regarded with special favor or liking

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

honoredadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnərd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

indifferentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

knotnounUS /nɑːt/

a tight cluster of people or things

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

legitimateadjectiveUS /ləˈdʒɪtəmət/

of marriages and offspring; recognized as lawful

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

majoritynounUS /məˈdʒɔːrəti/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

MiscellanynounUS /ˈmɪsəleɪni/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

octavenounUS /ˈɑːktɪv/

a feast day and the seven days following it

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

pressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

prisoner'snounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

possessive form of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

producesnounUS /prəˈduːsəz/

plural of “produce” — fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

quatrains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

releaseverbUS /riˈliːs/

release, as from one's grip

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

rimenounUS /raɪm/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

rime-structure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

sestetnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

Shaksperenoun

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

shieldnounUS /ʃiːld/

a protective covering or structure

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

sixteenadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːn/

being one more than fifteen

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

SleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

sonnetnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

sonnetsnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

structurenounUS /ˈstrʌktʃər/

a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

SurreynounUS /ˈsɜːri/

a county in southeastern England on the Thames

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

Surrey's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading Surrey's form seems more consonant with common English taste for simplicity of rime-structure, and, besides being honored by its adoption by Shakspere, has remained a favorite side by side with the more "correct" original.[37] Come, Sleep!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading It produces, therefore, an effect quite different from that of the legitimate Italian sonnet, the couplet at the end giving it a more epigrammatic structure.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This new form is divided, not into octave and sestet, but into three quatrains, with alternate rime, and a couplet.

throwverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

Tottel's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

variationnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃən/

an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

woenounUS /woʊ/

misery resulting from affliction

From this reading O Sleep, the certain knot of peace, The baiting-place of wit, the balm of woe, The poor man's wealth, the prisoner's release, The indifferent judge between the high and low; With shield of proof shield me from out the press Of those fierce darts Despair at me doth throw.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

WyattnounUS /ˈwaɪət/

English architect (1746-1813)

From this reading Surrey experimented with the Italian sonnet as it had been introduced into England by his master Wyatt, but soon devised a variation from the Italian form, and wrote a majority of his sonnets in the new English form (nine out of the sixteen which are printed in Tottel's Miscellany).

Chapter 12 of English Verse by Raymond MacDonald Alden holds 348 sentences, grouped into 70 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of English Verse contain?

Chapter 12 holds 348 sentences of English Verse, unabridged, divided into 70 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of English Verse by Raymond MacDonald Alden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 348 sentences, grouped into 70 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of English Verse?

Work through the 70 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 70 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading English Verse

Common questions about reading English Verse by Raymond MacDonald Alden on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of English Verse?

Yes. All 5323 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32262 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of English Verse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32262, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does English Verse take to read?

About 443 minutes of reading across 1065 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through English Verse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in English Verse

Words and structures a reader meets early in English Verse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Upper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Verse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lower
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Verse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thorn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Verse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Footnotes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of English Verse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.