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Erewhon
Erewhon

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Erewhon is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.
No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.
At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.
About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.
Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Erewhon

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Erewhon is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.
Line 2
No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.
Line 3
At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.
/æt taɪmz ˌɪnˈdiːd ðeɪ wʊd bɪˈkʌm ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈɑːbsəliːt bʌt wen ðeɪ wɜːr ɑːn ðə pɔɪnt ʌv ˈbiːɪŋ rɪˈpiːld sʌm ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈzæstər ɔːr ðə ˈpriːtʃɪŋ ʌv sʌm fəˈnætɪk wʊd ˌriːəˈweɪkən ðə ˈkɑːnʃəns ʌv ðə ˈneɪʃən ənd ˈpiːpəl wɜːr ˌɪmˈprɪzənd baɪ ðə ˈθaʊzənd fɔːr ˈɪlɪsɪtli ˈselɪŋ ənd ˈbaɪɪŋ ˈænəməl fuːd/
Line 4
About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.
/əˈbaʊt sɪks ɔːr ˈsevən ˈhʌndrəd jɪrz ˌhaʊˈevər ˈæftər ðə deθ ʌv ðə oʊld ˈprɑːfət ə fəˈlɑːsəfər əˈpɪrd huː ðoʊ hiː dɪd nɑːt kleɪm tuː hæv ˈeni kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən wɪð æn ənˈsiːn ˈpaʊər leɪd daʊn ðə lɔː wɪð æz mʌtʃ ˈkɑːnfədəns æz ɪf sʌtʃ ə ˈpaʊər hæd ˌɪnˈspaɪərd hɪm/
Line 5
Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fanatic noun US /fəˈnætɪk/

a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause)

From this reading “At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.”

illicitly adverb US /ˈɪlɪsɪtli/

in a manner disapproved or not allowed by custom

From this reading “At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.”

obsolete adjective US /ˈɑːbsəliːt/

no longer in use

From this reading “At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.”

prohibition noun US /ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən/

a law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages

From this reading “Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.”

punishments noun US /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading “No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.”

reawaken verb US /ˌriːəˈweɪkən/

awaken once again

From this reading “At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.”

reducing noun US /rəˈduːsɪŋ/

any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent

From this reading “Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.”

repealed verb US /rɪˈpiːld/

past form of “repeal” — cancel officially

From this reading “At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.”

All words in this reading · 135

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

absurditynounUS /əbˈsɜːrdəti/

a message whose content is at variance with reason

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

atenounUS /eɪt/

goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

buyingnounUS /ˈbaɪɪŋ/

the act of buying

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

communicationnounUS /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən/

the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

consciencenounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

disasternounUS /dɪˈzæstər/

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

Erewhonian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

Erewhonians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

fanaticnounUS /fəˈnætɪk/

a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause)

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

illicitlyadverbUS /ˈɪlɪsɪtli/

in a manner disapproved or not allowed by custom

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

imprisonedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɪzənd/

being in captivity

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

inflictedverbUS /ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd/

past form of “inflict” — impose something unpleasant

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

meatnounUS /miːt/

the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

meat-eater

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

obsoleteadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbsəliːt/

no longer in use

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

philosophernounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfər/

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

preachingnounUS /ˈpriːtʃɪŋ/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

prohibitionnounUS /ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən/

a law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

prophetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

punishmentsnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

PuritannounUS /ˈpjʊrətən/

a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

reawakenverbUS /ˌriːəˈweɪkən/

awaken once again

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

reducingnounUS /rəˈduːsɪŋ/

any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

repealedverbUS /rɪˈpiːld/

past form of “repeal” — cancel officially

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

RIGHTSnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

sellingnounUS /ˈselɪŋ/

the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

settingnounUS /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

severitynounUS /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

teachingnounUS /ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/

the profession of a teacher

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

unseenadjectiveUS /ənˈsiːn/

not seen or perceived

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

VEGETABLESnounUS /ˈvedʒtəbəlz/

plural of “vegetable” — edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading RIGHTS OF VEGETABLES Let me leave this unhappy story, and return to the course of events among the Erewhonians at large.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Many think that this philosopher did not believe his own teaching, and, being in secret a great meat-eater, had no other end in view than reducing the prohibition against eating animal food to an absurdity, greater even than an Erewhonian Puritan would be able to stand.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading No matter how many laws they passed increasing the severity of the punishments inflicted on those who ate meat in secret, the people found means of setting them aside as fast as they were made.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading At times, indeed, they would become almost obsolete, but when they were on the point of being repealed, some national disaster or the preaching of some fanatic would reawaken the conscience of the nation, and people were imprisoned by the thousand for illicitly selling and buying animal food.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading About six or seven hundred years, however, after the death of the old prophet, a philosopher appeared, who, though he did not claim to have any communication with an unseen power, laid down the law with as much confidence as if such a power had inspired him.

Chapter 28 of Erewhon by Samuel Butler holds 97 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Erewhon contain?

Chapter 28 holds 97 sentences of Erewhon, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Erewhon by Samuel Butler exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 97 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Erewhon?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Erewhon

Common questions about reading Erewhon by Samuel Butler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Erewhon?

Yes. All 2464 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1906 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Erewhon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1906, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Erewhon take to read?

About 205 minutes of reading across 493 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Erewhon section by section

How to work through Erewhon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Erewhon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Erewhon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Erewhon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Erewhon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wishes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Erewhon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Understood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Erewhon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Erewhon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Erewhon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.