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Essays

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Essays is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.
We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.
An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.
Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.
Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Essays

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Essays is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.
/ˈɑːbviəsli ɪt ɪz nɑːt ˈiːzi tuː rɪˈplaɪ tuː ˈbeɡɪŋ ɪkˈsept baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl ækt ʌv ˈɡɪvɪŋ/
Line 2
We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.
Line 3
An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.
Line 4
Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.
Line 5
Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ancestral adjective US /ænˈsestrəl/

inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent

From this reading “An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.”

beggars noun US /ˈbeɡərz/

plural of “beggar” — a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading “An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.”

caste noun US /kæst/

social status or position conferred by a system based on class

From this reading “We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.”

dialect noun US /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading “Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.”

empty-handed adjective US /ˈemptiˈhændɪd/

having acquired or gained nothing

From this reading “An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.”

ingenuous adjective US /ˌɪnˈdʒenjuːəs/

characterized by an inability to mask your feelings; not devious

From this reading “We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.”

intelligible adjective US /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl/

capable of being apprehended or understood

From this reading “Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.”

retort noun US /ˈriːtɔːrt/

a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)

From this reading “An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

ancestraladjectiveUS /ænˈsestrəl/

inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

answeringadjectiveUS /ˈænsərɪŋ/

replying

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

beggarsnounUS /ˈbeɡərz/

plural of “beggar” — a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

beggingnounUS /ˈbeɡɪŋ/

a solicitation for money or food (especially in the street by an apparently penniless person)

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

castenounUS /kæst/

social status or position conferred by a system based on class

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

devilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

dialectnounUS /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

elderlyadjectiveUS /ˈeldərli/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

empty-handedadjectiveUS /ˈemptiˈhændɪd/

having acquired or gained nothing

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

ExcuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

familiaritynounUS /fəˌmɪˈljerəti/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

feminineadjectiveUS /ˈfemənən/

associated with women and not with men

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

good-humour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

ingenuousadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʒenjuːəs/

characterized by an inability to mask your feelings; not devious

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

intelligibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl/

capable of being apprehended or understood

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

MoreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

ObviouslyadverbUS /ˈɑːbviəsli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

palazzo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

putsnounUS /pʊts/

plural of “put” — the option to sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

replynounUS /rɪˈplaɪ/

a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

retortnounUS /ˈriːtɔːrt/

a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one)

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

sentencenounUS /ˈsentəns/

a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Obviously it is not easy to reply to begging except by the intelligible act of giving.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

translatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Moreover, the sentence is spoken in all the familiarity of the local dialect--a dialect that puts any two people at once upon equal terms as nothing else can do it.

Vere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have not the ingenuous simplicity that marks the caste answering more or less to that of Vere de Vere, in Italy, for example.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Would it were possible to present the phrase to English readers in all its own helpless good-humour.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading An elderly Italian lady on her slow way from her own ancient ancestral _palazzo_ to the village, and accustomed to meet, empty-handed, a certain number of beggars, answers them by a retort which would be, literally translated, "Excuse me, dear; I, too, am a poor devil," and the last word she naturally puts into the feminine.

Chapter 8 of Essays by Alice Meynell holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Essays contain?

Chapter 8 holds 158 sentences of Essays, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Essays by Alice Meynell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Essays?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Essays

Common questions about reading Essays by Alice Meynell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Essays?

Yes. All 2777 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1434 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1434, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Essays take to read?

About 231 minutes of reading across 556 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Essays section by section

How to work through Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Essays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ceres'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Runaway
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wells
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tethered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.