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Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson
Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.
CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.
This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.
The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.
In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.
Line 2
CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.
Line 3
This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.
/ðɪs ˈsɪriz ʌv bʊks wɪl ˌɪnˈkluːd ɪn kəmˈpliːt ɪˈdɪʃənz ðoʊz ˈmæstərpiːsəz ʌv ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈlɪtərətʃər ðæt ɑːr best əˈdæptɪd fɔːr ðə juːs ʌv skuːlz ənd ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/
Line 4
The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.
/ðə ˈedɪtərz ʌv ðə ˈsevrəl ˈvɑːljuːmz wɪl biː ˈtʃoʊzən fɔːr ðer ˈspeʃəl ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz ɪn kəˈnekʃən wɪð ðə teksts tuː biː ˈɪʃuːd ˈʌndər ðer ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən bʌt fəˌmɪˈljerəti wɪð ðə ˈpræktəkəl niːdz ʌv ðə ˈklæsruːm noʊ les ðæn saʊnd ˈskɑːlərʃɪp wɪl ˈkerəktəraɪz ðə ˈedətɪŋ ʌv ˈevəri bʊk ɪn ðə ˈsɪriz/
Line 5
In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.
/ɪn kəˈnekʃən wɪð iːtʃ tekst ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl ənd hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ ə sketʃ ʌv ðə laɪf ʌv ðə ˈɔːθər ənd hɪz riˈleɪʃən tuː ðə θɔːt ʌv hɪz taɪm ˈkrɪtɪkəl əˈpɪnjənz ʌv ðə wɜːrk ɪn ˈkwestʃən ˈtʃoʊzən frʌm ðə ɡreɪt ˈbɑːdi ʌv ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm ənd wer ˈpɑːsəbəl ə ˈpɔːrtrət ʌv ðə ˈɔːθər wɪl biː ˈɡɪvən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

characterize verb US /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading “The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.”

classroom noun US /ˈklæsruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading “The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.”

edited adjective US /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading “SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.”

editing noun US /ˈedətɪŋ/

putting something (as a literary work or a legislative bill) into acceptable form

From this reading “The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.”

masterpieces noun US /ˈmæstərpiːsəz/

plural of “masterpiece” — the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading “This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.”

supervision noun US /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading “The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.”

texts noun US /teksts/

plural of “text” — the words of something written

From this reading “The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.”

turpin noun US /ˈtɜːrpɪn/

English highwayman (1706-1739)

From this reading “SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

AMERICANnounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

characterizeverbUS /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

CHARLESnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

CLASSICnounUS /ˈklæsɪk/

a creation of the highest excellence

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

classroomnounUS /ˈklæsruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

COnounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.

collegesnounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/

marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

criticismnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/

disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

EnounUS /iː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

EDITEDadjectiveUS /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

editingnounUS /ˈedətɪŋ/

putting something (as a literary work or a legislative bill) into acceptable form

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

editionsnounUS /ɪˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “edition” — the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

EDNA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

FABLESnounUS /ˈfeɪbəlz/

plural of “fable” — a deliberately false or improbable account

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

familiaritynounUS /fəˌmɪˈljerəti/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

FAMOUSadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

HISTORYnounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

includeverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːd/

have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

issuedverbUS /ˈɪʃuːd/

past form of “issue” — prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

LnounUS /el/

a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

LiteraturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

masterpiecesnounUS /ˈmæstərpiːsəz/

plural of “masterpiece” — the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

MERRILL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHARLES E. MERRILL CO.

needsadverbUS /niːdz/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

NOTESnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

PAINTERSnounUS /ˈpeɪntərz/

plural of “painter” — an artist who paints

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

qualificationsnounUS /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “qualification” — an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

scholarshipnounUS /ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/

financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

SELECTEDadjectiveUS /səˈlektɪd/

chosen in preference to another

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

STORIESnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

supervisionnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

textsnounUS /teksts/

plural of “text” — the words of something written

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

TURPINnounUS /ˈtɜːrpɪn/

English highwayman (1706-1739)

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading The editors of the several volumes will be chosen for their special qualifications in connection with the texts to be issued under their individual supervision, but familiarity with the practical needs of the classroom, no less than sound scholarship, will characterize the editing of every book in the series.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading In connection with each text, a critical and historical introduction, including a sketch of the life of the author and his relation to the thought of his time, critical opinions of the work in question chosen from the great body of English criticism, and, where possible, a portrait of the author, will be given.

Chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson by Ralph Waldo Emerson holds 436 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson contain?

Chapter 1 holds 436 sentences of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson by Ralph Waldo Emerson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 436 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson

Common questions about reading Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson by Ralph Waldo Emerson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson?

Yes. All 5034 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16643 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16643, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson take to read?

About 419 minutes of reading across 1007 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson section by section

How to work through Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Selected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.