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Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson
Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
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[Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.
Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.
His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....
_Major Dyngwell I know not_.]
[Note 15: _Burly_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.
Line 2
Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.
Line 3
His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....
Line 4
_Major Dyngwell I know not_.]
Line 5
[Note 15: _Burly_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

astronomy noun US /əˈstrɑːnəmi/

the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

From this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

Burly adjective US /ˈbɜːrli/

muscular and heavily built

Copernicus noun US /kəˈpɜːrnəkəs/

Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)

From this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

Critique noun US /krəˈtiːk/

an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)

Darwin noun US /ˈdɑːrwɪn/

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

eighteenth adjective US /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading “Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.”

Kant noun US /kænt/

influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)

From this reading “[Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.”

metaphysics noun US /ˌmetəˈfɪzɪks/

the philosophical study of being and knowing

From this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eighteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.”

natural science adjective + noun

the sciences involved in the study of the physical world and its phenomena

In this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

produced by verb + particle counted as “produce by”

In this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

Pure Reason adjective + noun

In this reading “His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Note 15: _Burly_.

1724

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

1781

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

1804

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

astronomynounUS /əˈstrɑːnəmi/

the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

BurlyadjectiveUS /ˈbɜːrli/

muscular and heavily built

From this reading [Note 15: _Burly_.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

CopernicusnounUS /kəˈpɜːrnəkəs/

Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

CritiquenounUS /krəˈtiːk/

an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

DarwinnounUS /ˈdɑːrwɪn/

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

der

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

Dyngwell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

eighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

foremostadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

ranking above all others

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Major Dyngwell I know not_.]

Immanuel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

KantnounUS /kænt/

influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading _Major Dyngwell I know not_.]

Kritick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

Königsberg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

MajoradjectiveUS /ˈmeɪdʒər/

of greater importance or stature or rank

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

metaphysicsnounUS /ˌmetəˈfɪzɪks/

the philosophical study of being and knowing

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Major Dyngwell I know not_.]

NotenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

philosophernounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfər/

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

PureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

ReasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

reinen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

revolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Immanuel Kant, the foremost philosopher of the eighteenth century, born at Königsberg in 1724, died 1804.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading [Note 14: _From Shakespeare to Kant, from Kant to Major Dyngwell_.

Vernunft

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading His greatest work, the _Critique of Pure Reason_ (_Kritick der reinen Vernunft_, 1781), produced about the same revolutionary effect on metaphysics as that produced by Copernicus in astronomy, or by Darwin in natural science....

Chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson by Robert Louis Stevenson holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson contain?

Chapter 4 holds 417 sentences of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson by Robert Louis Stevenson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson

Common questions about reading Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson by Robert Louis Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson?

Yes. All 2371 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10761 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10761, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson take to read?

About 197 minutes of reading across 475 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson section by section

How to work through Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Taken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thistle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Essays of Robert Louis Stevenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.