Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Esther
Esther

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Esther is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Esther
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.
If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.
Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.
The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.
In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Esther

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Esther is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.
/wɪð ə ˈhevi hɑːrt ʃiː meɪd ʌp hɜːr maɪnd ðæt ðer wɑːz bʌt wʌn θɪŋ tuː biː dʌn ʃiː mʌst riˈtriːt ˈɪntuː hɜːr oʊn haʊs ənd bɑːr ðə dɔːrz/
Line 2
If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.
/ɪf hiː dɪd nɑːt siː ðæt sʌtʃ æn ˈɪntəməsi wɑːz ʃʊr tuː meɪk ˈtrʌbəl fɔːr hɪm ʃiː huː felt ɪf ʃiː dɪd nɑːt siː ðə ɡʌlf ðæt ˈsepəreɪtɪd ðem mʌst tiːtʃ hɪm ˈbetər/
Line 3
Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.
/ˈweðər ʃiː wʊd hæv held tuː ðɪs waɪz ənd ˈpruːdənt kɔːrs əˈɡenst hɪz enˈtriːtiz ənd ˈwɔːrtənz kəˈmændz wɪl ˈnevər biː noʊn fɔːr ðə ˈkwestʃən wɪtʃ æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt siːmd tuː hɜːr soʊ hɑːrd tuː ˌdɪˈsaɪd wɑːz ɔːlˈredi ˈænsərd baɪ feɪts wɪtʃ left hɜːr noʊ vɔɪs ɪn ðə ˈmætər/
Line 4
The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.
/ðə nekst ˈmɔːrnɪŋ wen ðə tuː ɡɜːrlz ˈræðər ˈleɪtər ðæn ˈjuːʒəwəl riːtʃt ðə saʊθ dɔːr ʌv ðə tʃɜːrtʃ wer ə stɜːrn ˈɡɑːrdiən ˈɔːlweɪz stʊd tuː wɑːtʃ lest wʊlvz ˈentərd ˈʌndər priˈtens ʌv ˈbɪznəs ðeɪ sɔː ə ˈwʊmən ˈstændɪŋ ɑːn ðə steps ənd ˈɡeɪzɪŋ æt ðem æz ðeɪ əˈproʊtʃt frʌm ðə ˈævənuː/
Line 5
In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.
/ɪn ðɪs ðeɪ faʊnd ˈnʌθɪŋ tuː sərˈpraɪz ðem bʌt æz ðeɪ keɪm feɪs tuː feɪs wɪð hɜːr ðeɪ ˈnoʊtəst ðæt ðə ˈstreɪndʒərz dres ənd ˈfiːtʃərz wɜːr pəˈkjuːljər ənd ənˈkɑːmən ˈiːvɪn ɪn nuː jɔːrk ðə sɪŋk ʌv ˈreɪsəz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

entreaties noun US /enˈtriːtiz/

plural of “entreaty” — earnest or urgent request

From this reading “Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.”

fates noun US /feɪts/

plural of “fate” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading “Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.”

pretense noun US /priˈtens/

the act of giving a false appearance

From this reading “The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.”

races noun US /ˈreɪsəz/

plural of “race” — any competition

From this reading “In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.”

stranger's noun US /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

possessive form of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading “In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.”

uncommon adjective US /ənˈkɑːmən/

not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind

From this reading “In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.”

Wharton's noun US /ˈwɔːrtənz/

possessive form of “wharton” — United States novelist (1862-1937)

From this reading “Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.”

wolves noun US /wʊlvz/

plural of “wolf” — any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs

From this reading “The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.”

All words in this reading · 134

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

avenuenounUS /ˈævənuː/

a line of approach

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

barnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

commandsnounUS /kəˈmændz/

plural of “command” — an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

decideverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪd/

reach, make, or come to a decision about something

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

entreatiesnounUS /enˈtriːtiz/

plural of “entreaty” — earnest or urgent request

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

fatesnounUS /feɪts/

plural of “fate” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

gazingverbUS /ˈɡeɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

guardiannounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiən/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

gulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

intimacynounUS /ˈɪntəməsi/

close or warm friendship

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

pretensenounUS /priˈtens/

the act of giving a false appearance

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

prudentadjectiveUS /ˈpruːdənt/

careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

racesnounUS /ˈreɪsəz/

plural of “race” — any competition

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

sinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

sternadjectiveUS /stɜːrn/

of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

stranger'snounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

possessive form of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

teachverbUS /tiːtʃ/

impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

uncommonadjectiveUS /ənˈkɑːmən/

not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

Wharton'snounUS /ˈwɔːrtənz/

possessive form of “wharton” — United States novelist (1862-1937)

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading If he did not see that such an intimacy was sure to make trouble for him, she, who felt, if she did not see, the gulf that separated them, must teach him better.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With a heavy heart she made up her mind that there was but one thing to be done; she must retreat into her own house and bar the doors.

wolvesnounUS /wʊlvz/

plural of “wolf” — any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading The next morning when the two girls, rather later than usual, reached the south door of the church where a stern guardian always stood to watch lest wolves entered under pretense of business, they saw a woman standing on the steps and gazing at them as they approached from the avenue.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Whether she would have held to this wise and prudent course against his entreaties and Wharton's commands will never be known, for the question, which at the moment seemed to her so hard to decide, was already answered by fates which left her no voice in the matter.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading In this they found nothing to surprise them, but as they came face to face with her they noticed that the stranger's dress and features were peculiar and uncommon even in New York, the sink of races.

Chapter 4 of Esther by Henry Adams holds 423 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Esther contain?

Chapter 4 holds 423 sentences of Esther, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Esther by Henry Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 423 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Esther?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Esther

Common questions about reading Esther by Henry Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Esther?

Yes. All 3361 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14409 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Esther is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14409, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Esther take to read?

About 280 minutes of reading across 673 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Esther section by section

How to work through Esther section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of Esther to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Esther

Words and structures a reader meets early in Esther, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Esther; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Esther; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Esther; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Church
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Esther; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.