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Ethan Frome
Ethan Frome

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ethan Frome is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ethan Frome
Context Illustration Reading 38/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.
The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.
It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.
Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.
His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ethan Frome

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ethan Frome is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 38/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 186–190

Line 1
The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.
/ðə naɪt wɑːz ˈpɜːrfəktli stɪl ənd ðə er soʊ draɪ ənd pjʊr ðæt ɪt ɡeɪv ˈlɪtəl senˈseɪʃən ʌv koʊld/
Line 2
The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.
Line 3
It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.
Line 4
Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.
/fɔːr ɔːr faɪv jɪrz ˈɜːrliər hiː hæd ˈteɪkən ə jɪrz kɔːrs æt ə ˌteknəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl ˈkɑːlɪdʒ æt ˈwʊstər ənd ˈdæbəld ɪn ðə ˈlæbrətɔːri wɪð ə ˈfrendli prəˈfesər ʌv ˈfɪzɪks ənd ðə ˈɪmədʒəz səˈplaɪd baɪ ðæt ɪkˈspɪriəns stɪl krɑːpt ʌp æt ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd ˈmoʊmənts θruː ðə ˈtoʊtəli ˈdɪfərənt əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz ʌv θɔːt ɪn wɪtʃ hiː hæd sɪns bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ/
Line 5
His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cropped adjective US /krɑːpt/

(of land or soil) used for growing crops

From this reading “Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.”

dabbled adjective US /ˈdæbəld/

covered with bright patches (often used in combination)

From this reading “Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.”

ether noun US /ˈiːθər/

the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies

From this reading “The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.”

meanings noun US /ˈmiːnɪŋz/

plural of “meaning” — the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading “His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.”

physics noun US /ˈfɪzɪks/

the science of matter and energy and their interactions

From this reading “Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.”

technological adjective US /ˌteknəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

based in scientific and industrial progress

From this reading “Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.”

tenuous adjective US /ˈtenjəwəs/

having thin consistency

From this reading “The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.”

Worcester noun US /ˈwʊstər/

United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)

From this reading “Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

associationsnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

cloudyadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdi/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

croppedadjectiveUS /krɑːpt/

(of land or soil) used for growing crops

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

dabbledadjectiveUS /ˈdæbəld/

covered with bright patches (often used in combination)

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

domenounUS /doʊm/

a concave shape whose distinguishing characteristic is that the concavity faces downward

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

Ethan's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

ethernounUS /ˈiːθər/

the fifth and highest element after air and earth and fire and water; was believed to be the substance composing all heavenly bodies

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

fednounUS /fed/

any federal law-enforcement officer

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

FournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

Frome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

imagesnounUS /ˈɪmədʒəz/

plural of “image” — an iconic mental representation

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

intervenedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈviːnd/

past form of “intervene” — get involved, so as to alter or hinder an action, or through force or threat of force

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

It's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

laboratorynounUS /ˈlæbrətɔːri/

a workplace for the conduct of scientific research

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

meaningsnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋz/

plural of “meaning” — the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

metallicadjectiveUS /məˈtælɪk/

containing or made of or resembling or characteristic of a metal

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

misfortunesnounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

physicsnounUS /ˈfɪzɪks/

the science of matter and energy and their interactions

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

prematureadjectiveUS /ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr/

born after a gestation period of less than the normal time

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

professornounUS /prəˈfesər/

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

receivernounUS /rəˈsiːvər/

set that receives radio or tv signals

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

sensationnounUS /senˈseɪʃən/

an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

suppliedverbUS /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

technologicaladjectiveUS /ˌteknəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

based in scientific and industrial progress

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

tenuousadjectiveUS /ˈtenjəwəs/

having thin consistency

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading “It’s like being in an exhausted receiver,” he thought.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

totallyadverbUS /ˈtoʊtəli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

unexpectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading His father’s death, and the misfortunes following it, had put a premature end to Ethan’s studies; but though they had not gone far enough to be of much practical use they had fed his fancy and made him aware of huge cloudy meanings behind the daily face of things.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The night was perfectly still, and the air so dry and pure that it gave little sensation of cold.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The effect produced on Frome was rather of a complete absence of atmosphere, as though nothing less tenuous than ether intervened between the white earth under his feet and the metallic dome overhead.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

WorcesternounUS /ˈwʊstər/

United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Four or five years earlier he had taken a year’s course at a technological college at Worcester, and dabbled in the laboratory with a friendly professor of physics; and the images supplied by that experience still cropped up, at unexpected moments, through the totally different associations of thought in which he had since been living.

Chapter 1 of Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton holds 441 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Ethan Frome contain?

Chapter 1 holds 441 sentences of Ethan Frome, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 441 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Ethan Frome?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ethan Frome

Common questions about reading Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ethan Frome?

Yes. All 1758 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ethan Frome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ethan Frome take to read?

About 146 minutes of reading across 352 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ethan Frome section by section

How to work through Ethan Frome section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Ethan Frome to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ethan Frome

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ethan Frome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ethan Frome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Various
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ethan Frome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ethan Frome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ethan Frome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.