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Europe Revised
Europe Revised

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Europe Revised is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
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The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.
From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.
On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.
Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.
If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Europe Revised

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Europe Revised is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.
Line 2
From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.
Line 3
On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.
Line 4
Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.
/ˈɔːlsoʊ ʃiː hæz ðə ˈnoʊʃən ʌv ˈpɜːrsɪnəl əˈdɔːrnmənt ðæt ɪz ˈkɑːmən ɪn mɔːr ðæn wʌn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈstrætəm ʌv ˈwɪmən ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 5
If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adornment noun US /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading “Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.”

belted adjective US /ˈbeltəd/

having or provided with a belt

From this reading “On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.”

belting noun US /ˈbeltɪŋ/

the material of which belts are made

From this reading “On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.”

brunette noun US /bruːˈnet/

a person with dark (brown) hair

From this reading “On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.”

buxom adjective US /ˈbʌksəm/

(of a woman's body) having a large bosom and pleasing curves

From this reading “From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.”

groggy adjective US /ˈɡrɑːɡi/

stunned or confused and slow to react (as from blows or drunkenness or exhaustion)

From this reading “On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.”

landslide noun US /ˈlændslaɪd/

an overwhelming electoral victory

From this reading “If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.”

stratum noun US /ˈstrætəm/

one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)

From this reading “Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

aboundingadjectiveUS /əˈbaʊndɪŋ/

existing in abundance

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

adornmentnounUS /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

AlsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

barmaidnoun

a female bartender

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

beltedadjectiveUS /ˈbeltəd/

having or provided with a belt

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

beltingnounUS /ˈbeltɪŋ/

the material of which belts are made

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

billowyadjective

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

blondadjectiveUS /blɑːnd/

being or having light colored skin and hair and usually blue or grey eyes

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

bloomingnounUS /ˈbluːmɪŋ/

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

braceletsnounUS /ˈbreɪslɪts/

plural of “bracelet” — a band of cloth or leather or metal links attached to a wristwatch and wrapped around the wrist

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

BritainnounUS /ˈbrɪtən/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

brownounUS /braʊ/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

brunettenounUS /bruːˈnet/

a person with dark (brown) hair

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

buoyantadjectiveUS /ˈbɔɪənt/

tending to float on a liquid or rise in air or gas

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

buxomadjectiveUS /ˈbʌksəm/

(of a woman's body) having a large bosom and pleasing curves

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

confidentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnfədəntli/

with confidence; in a confident manner

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

considersverbUS /kənˈsɪdərz/

third-person singular of “consider” — deem to be

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

creditnounUS /ˈkredət/

approval

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

DeadlyadjectiveUS /ˈdedli/

causing or capable of causing death

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

disillusionments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

earlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

regard something as probable or likely

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

fair-to-middling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

groggyadjectiveUS /ˈɡrɑːɡi/

stunned or confused and slow to react (as from blows or drunkenness or exhaustion)

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

hauteurnoun

overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

homelyadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊmli/

lacking in physical beauty or proportion

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

impendingadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpendɪŋ/

close in time; about to occur

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

inkworks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

jinglyadjective

having a series of high-pitched ringing sounds like many small bells

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

landslidenounUS /ˈlændslaɪd/

an overwhelming electoral victory

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

middle-agedadjectiveUS /ˈmɪdəleɪɡd/

being roughly between 45 and 65 years old

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

moundnounUS /maʊnd/

(baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

notionnounUS /ˈnoʊʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

ordinaire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

overhangingverbUS /ˈoʊvərhæŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

Pouletnoun

the flesh of a chicken used for food

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

ratenounUS /reɪt/

a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

RoutinenounUS /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

stiffnessnounUS /ˈstɪfnəs/

the physical property of being inflexible and hard to bend

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

stratumnounUS /ˈstrætəm/

one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock)

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

vin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

vineyardnounUS /ˈvɪnjərd/

a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the contrary she is generally brunette, frequently middle-aged, in appearance often fair-to-middling homely, and in manner nearly always abounding with a stiffness and hauteur that would do credit to a belted earl, if the belting had just taken place and the earl was still groggy from the effects of it.

wearingnounUS /ˈwerɪŋ/

(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Also, she has the notion of personal adornment that is common in more than one social stratum of women in England.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The Deadly Poulet Routine Under the head of European disillusionments I would rate, along with the vin ordinaire of the French vineyard and inkworks, the barmaid of Britain.

wristnounUS /rɪst/

a joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones

From this reading If she has a large, firm, solid mound of false hair overhanging her brow like an impending landslide, and at least three jingly bracelets on each wrist, she considers herself well dressed, no matter what else she may or may not be wearing.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading From what you have heard on this subject you confidently expect the British barmaid to be buxom, blond, blooming, billowy, buoyant--but especially blond.

Chapter 9 of Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Europe Revised contain?

Chapter 9 holds 108 sentences of Europe Revised, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Europe Revised?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Europe Revised

Common questions about reading Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Europe Revised?

Yes. All 3562 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4551 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Europe Revised is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4551, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Europe Revised take to read?

About 296 minutes of reading across 713 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Europe Revised section by section

How to work through Europe Revised section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Europe Revised to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Europe Revised

Words and structures a reader meets early in Europe Revised, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Foreword
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Always
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seemed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.