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Europe Revised
Europe Revised

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Europe Revised is here in full — 181 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.
Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.
In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.
They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.
The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Europe Revised

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Europe Revised is here in full — 181 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.
Line 2
Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.
Line 3
In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.
/ɪn kəˈnekʃən wɪð ˈwɪskərz aɪ hæv hɜːrd ðə ˈrʌʃənz ˈhaɪli kəˈmendɪd/
Line 4
They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.
Line 5
The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adult noun US /əˈdʌlt/

a fully developed person from maturity onward

From this reading “Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.”

excels verb US /ɪkˈselz/

third-person singular of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.”

longhorn noun US /ˈlɔːŋhɔːrn/

long-horned beef cattle formerly common in southwestern United States

From this reading “The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.”

mustaches noun US /ˈmʌstæʃɪz/

plural of “mustache” — an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip

From this reading “The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.”

specializes verb US /ˈspeʃəlaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “specialize” — become more focused on an area of activity or field of study

From this reading “The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.”

styles noun US /staɪlz/

plural of “style” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading “The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.”

tasty adjective US /ˈteɪsti/

pleasing to the sense of taste

From this reading “They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.”

walrus noun US /ˈwɔːlrəs/

either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber

From this reading “The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

adultnounUS /əˈdʌlt/

a fully developed person from maturity onward

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

arborwork

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

ArticlenounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəl/

nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

boskyadjective

covered with or consisting of bushes or thickets

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

burnishers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

circularadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrkjələr/

having the shape or form of a circle

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

commendedverbUS /kəˈmendɪd/

past form of “commend” — express approval of

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

dellnounUS /del/

a small wooded hollow

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

dukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

excelsverbUS /ɪkˈselz/

third-person singular of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

farmingnounUS /ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/

the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

FashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

furbearing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

halonounUS /ˈheɪloʊ/

an indication of radiant light drawn around the head of a saint

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

highlyadverbUS /ˈhaɪli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

kitty-catnoun

informal terms referring to a domestic cat

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

longhornnounUS /ˈlɔːŋhɔːrn/

long-horned beef cattle formerly common in southwestern United States

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

luxuriantadjectiveUS /ləɡˈʒɜːriənt/

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

malenounUS /meɪl/

an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

ModesnounUS /moʊdz/

plural of “mode” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

MomentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

mustachenounUS /ˈmʌstæʃ/

an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

mustachesnounUS /ˈmʌstæʃɪz/

plural of “mustache” — an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

muzhiknoun

a Russian peasant (especially prior to 1917)

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

ornamentalnounUS /ˌɔːrnəˈmentəl/

any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

peltries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

preferencenounUS /ˈprefərəns/

a strong liking

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

projectingadjectiveUS /prəˈdʒektɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

racesnounUS /ˈreɪsəz/

plural of “race” — any competition

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

remindsverbUS /riˈmaɪndz/

third-person singular of “remind” — put in the mind of someone

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

RussiansnounUS /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

slippedverbUS /slɪpt/

inflected form of “slip” — move stealthily

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

specializesverbUS /ˈspeʃəlaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “specialize” — become more focused on an area of activity or field of study

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

stiffadjectiveUS /stɪf/

not moving or operating freely

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

stylesnounUS /staɪlz/

plural of “style” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

suggestiveadjectiveUS /səˈdʒestɪv/

tending to suggest or imply

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

tastyadjectiveUS /ˈteɪsti/

pleasing to the sense of taste

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

TexasnounUS /ˈteksəs/

the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Modes of the Moment; a Fashion Article Among the furbearing races the adult male of the French species easily excels.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

walrusnounUS /ˈwɔːlrəs/

either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber

From this reading The German military man specializes in mustaches, preference being given to the Texas longhorn mustache, and the walrus and kitty-cat styles.

wearsnounUS /werz/

plural of “wear” — impairment resulting from long use

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

whereasconjunctionUS /weˈræz/

in contrast with the fact that

From this reading They tell me that, from a distance, it is very hard to distinguish a muzhik from a bosky dell, whereas a grand duke nearly always reminds one of something tasty and luxuriant in the line of ornamental arborwork.

whiskersnounUS /ˈwɪskərz/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Some fine peltries are to be seen in Italy, and there is a type of farming Englishman who wears a stiff set of burnishers projecting out round his face in a circular effect suggestive of a halo that has slipped down.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In connection with whiskers I have heard the Russians highly commended.

Chapter 10 of Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb holds 181 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Europe Revised contain?

Chapter 10 holds 181 sentences of Europe Revised, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 181 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Europe Revised?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Europe Revised

Common questions about reading Europe Revised by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Europe Revised?

Yes. All 3562 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4551 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Europe Revised is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4551, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Europe Revised take to read?

About 296 minutes of reading across 713 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Europe Revised section by section

How to work through Europe Revised section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Europe Revised to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Europe Revised

Words and structures a reader meets early in Europe Revised, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Foreword
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Always
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seemed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Europe Revised; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.