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Facing Death
Facing Death

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Facing Death is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CONCLUSION.
Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.
The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.
The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.
Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Facing Death

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Facing Death is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONCLUSION.
/kənˈkluːʒən/
Line 2
Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.
Line 3
The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.
/ðə tʃiːf emˈplɔɪər ʌv ˈleɪbər hɪz ˈmænədʒər ðə ˈvɪkər ənd ˈskuːlmæstər ɔːl wɜːrkt təˈɡeðər fɔːr ðɪs end/
Line 4
The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.
/ðə ˈlaɪbreriː hæd bɪn ə ɡreɪt səkˈses ənd ɪt wɑːz rer ˌɪnˈdiːd fɔːr ə ˈdrʌŋkən mæn tuː biː siːn ɪn ðə striːts ˈiːvɪn ʌv ə ˈsætərdi naɪt/
Line 5
Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

addition noun US /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading “Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.”

drunken adjective US /ˈdrʌŋkən/

given to or marked by the consumption of alcohol

From this reading “The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.”

employer noun US /emˈplɔɪər/

a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

labour noun US /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

manager noun US /ˈmænədʒər/

someone who controls resources and expenditures

From this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

model noun US /ˈmɑːdəl/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.”

schoolmaster noun US /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

vicar noun US /ˈvɪkər/

a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman

From this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Three years noun + noun

In this reading “Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.”

drunken man adjective + noun

In this reading “The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.”

in addition preposition + noun

In this reading “Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.”

great success adjective + noun

In this reading “The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.”

worked together verb + particle counted as “work together”

In this reading “The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.”

in the streets preposition + article + noun counted as “in … street”

In this reading “The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

club-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

CONCLUSIONnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading CONCLUSION.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

drunkenadjectiveUS /ˈdrʌŋkən/

given to or marked by the consumption of alcohol

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

employernounUS /emˈplɔɪər/

a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

librarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

managernounUS /ˈmænədʒər/

someone who controls resources and expenditures

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

modelnounUS /ˈmɑːdəl/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

public-houses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

SaturdaynounUS /ˈsætərdi/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

schoolmasternounUS /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

Stokebridge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Many of the public-houses had closed their doors altogether; and in addition to the library a large and comfortable club-house had been built.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

vicarnounUS /ˈvɪkər/

a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The library had been a great success, and it was rare, indeed, for a drunken man to be seen in the streets even of a Saturday night.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The chief employer of labour, his manager, the vicar, and schoolmaster all worked together for this end.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Three years more of progress and Stokebridge had become the model village of the Black Country.

Chapter 31 of Facing Death by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Facing Death contain?

Chapter 31 holds 86 sentences of Facing Death, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Facing Death by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Facing Death?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Facing Death

Common questions about reading Facing Death by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Facing Death?

Yes. All 3465 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31128 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Facing Death is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31128, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Facing Death take to read?

About 288 minutes of reading across 693 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Facing Death section by section

How to work through Facing Death section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Facing Death to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Facing Death

Words and structures a reader meets early in Facing Death, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Facing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Facing Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Death
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Facing Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vaughan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Facing Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mines
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Facing Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.