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Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel
Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.
Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.
Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.
Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.
During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.
Line 2
Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.
Line 3
Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.
Line 4
Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.
Line 5
During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cellini noun US /tʃeˈliːni/

Italian sculptor (1500-1571)

From this reading “Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.”

convincingly adverb US /kənˈvɪnsɪŋli/

in a convincing manner

From this reading “The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.”

cramped adjective US /kræmpt/

constricted in size

From this reading “Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.”

Field's noun US /fiːldz/

possessive form of “field” — a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading “The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.”

lard verb US /lɑːrd/

prepare or cook with lard

From this reading “The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.”

millionaire's noun US /ˌmɪljəˈnerz/

possessive form of “millionaire” — a person whose material wealth is valued at more than a million dollars

From this reading “The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.”

scaffolding noun US /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/

a system of scaffolds

From this reading “The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.”

thigh noun US /θaɪ/

the part of the leg between the hip and the knee

From this reading “Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cramped position adjective + noun

In this reading “Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.”

whistled softly verb + particle counted as “whistle softly”

In this reading “Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.”

own affairs verb + noun

In this reading “Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.”

left leg noun + noun

In this reading “Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.”

following weeks adjective + noun counted as “following week”

In this reading “During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."”

went back verb + particle counted as “go back”

belong to an earlier time

In this reading “During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."”

came in verb + particle counted as “come in”

to come or go into

In this reading “During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

assurancenounUS /əˈʃʊrəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

azuro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

badenounUS /beɪd/

a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

Benvenuto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

boldlyadverbUS /ˈboʊldli/

with boldness, in a bold manner

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

Cedersholm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

ceilingnounUS /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

the overhead upper surface of a covered space

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

CellininounUS /tʃeˈliːni/

Italian sculptor (1500-1571)

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

Cielo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

comfortingadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtɪŋ/

providing freedom from worry

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

convincinglyadverbUS /kənˈvɪnsɪŋli/

in a convincing manner

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

crampedadjectiveUS /kræmpt/

constricted in size

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

designsnounUS /dɪˈzaɪnz/

plural of “design” — the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

doubtfuladjectiveUS /ˈdaʊtfəl/

open to doubt or suspicion

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

easy-going

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

Fairfax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

Field'snounUS /fiːldz/

possessive form of “field” — a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

gazingverbUS /ˈɡeɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

Giornata

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

hog's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

I'm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

lardverbUS /lɑːrd/

prepare or cook with lard

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

legnounUS /leɡ/

a human limb; commonly used to refer to a whole limb but technically only the part of the limb between the knee and ankle

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

Maddelena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

millionairenounUS /ˌmɪljəˈner/

a person whose material wealth is valued at more than a million dollars

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

millionaire'snounUS /ˌmɪljəˈnerz/

possessive form of “millionaire” — a person whose material wealth is valued at more than a million dollars

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

proprietornounUS /prəˈpraɪətər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

scaffoldingnounUS /ˈskæfəldɪŋ/

a system of scaffolds

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

softlyadverbUS /ˈsɔːftli/

with low volume

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

splendida

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

studionounUS /ˈstuːdioʊ/

workplace for the teaching or practice of an art

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

swungverbUS /swʌŋ/

inflected form of “swing” — move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

thighnounUS /θaɪ/

the part of the leg between the hip and the knee

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Benvenuto Cellini came below and sang up at him-- "Cielo azuro, Giornata splendida Ah, Maddelena," and told him in Italian about his own affairs, and Fairfax half heard and less than half understood.

upwardadjectiveUS /ˈʌpwərd/

directed up

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading During the following weeks, Fairfax never went back to the studio, and one day he swung himself down when Cedersholm came in, and said-- "I'm a little short of money, sir."

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

whistledverbUS /ˈwɪsəld/

past form of “whistle” — make whistling sounds

From this reading Fairfax whistled softly and drew and drew, and his cramped position was painful to his left leg and thigh.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Cedersholm came once, bade him draw on, always comforting one of them at least, with the assurance that the work could be taken out.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The following year--in January--lying on his back on the scaffolding, Fairfax drew in his designs for the millionaire's ceiling, freely, boldly, convincingly, and it is doubtful if the eye of the proprietor--he was a fat, practical, easy-going millionaire, who had made money out of hog's lard--it is doubtful that Mr. Field's eyes, when gazing upward, saw the things that Fairfax thought he drew.

Chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel by Marie Van Vorst holds 156 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel contain?

Chapter 8 holds 156 sentences of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel by Marie Van Vorst exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 156 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel

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Is this the complete text of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel?

Yes. All 6903 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32826 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32826, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel take to read?

About 575 minutes of reading across 1381 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Bitter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tranquil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fairfax and His Pride: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.