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Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America
Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
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Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.
In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.
The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.
The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.
The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.
Line 2
In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.
/ɪn ðə ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd ʌv ðə ˈtempəl ə ˈbɑːdi ʌv ˈmeksɪkənz wɑːz drɔːn ʌp tuː dɪsˈpjuːt hɪz ˈpæsədʒ bʌt hiː tʃɑːrdʒd ðem ˈbrɪskli ənd ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðə ˈhɔːrsəz kʊd nɑːt stænd ʌp ənd hæd tuː biː rɪˈtɜːrnd tuː ðə ˈspænɪʃ ˈkwɔːrtərz ðə ˈæzteks wɜːr dɪˈspɜːrst/
Line 3
The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.
Line 4
The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.
Line 5
The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aided adjective US /ˈeɪdəd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading “The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.”

allies noun US /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading “Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.”

Aztecs noun US /ˈæzteks/

plural of “aztec” — a member of the Nahuatl people who established an empire in Mexico that was overthrown by Cortes in 1519

From this reading “In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.”

cavaliers noun US /ˌkævəˈlɪrz/

plural of “cavalier” — a gallant or courtly gentleman

From this reading “Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.”

dispersed adjective US /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading “In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.”

Mexicans noun US /ˈmeksɪkənz/

plural of “mexican” — a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading “In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.”

rafters noun US /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading “The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.”

showered verb US /ˈʃaʊərd/

past form of “shower” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading “The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

three hundred noun + noun

being one hundred more than two hundred

In this reading “Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.”

stone steps noun + noun

In this reading “The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.”

in spite preposition + noun

In this reading “The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.”

heavy stones adjective + noun counted as “heavy stone”

In this reading “The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.”

Several thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.”

stand up verb + adjective

rise to one's feet

In this reading “In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.”

In the courtyard preposition + article + noun counted as “in … courtyard”

In this reading “In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

aidedadjectiveUS /ˈeɪdəd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

alliesnounUS /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

arrowsnounUS /ˈæroʊz/

plural of “arrow” — a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

AztecsnounUS /ˈæzteks/

plural of “aztec” — a member of the Nahuatl people who established an empire in Mexico that was overthrown by Cortes in 1519

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

beamsnounUS /biːmz/

plural of “beam” — a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

briskadjectiveUS /brɪsk/

quick and energetic

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

brisklyadverbUS /ˈbrɪskli/

in a brisk manner

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

cavaliersnounUS /ˌkævəˈlɪrz/

plural of “cavalier” — a gallant or courtly gentleman

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

chargedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrdʒd/

of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

courtyardnounUS /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

dashedadjectiveUS /dæʃt/

having gaps or spaces

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

dispersedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

disputeverbUS /dɪsˈpjuːt/

take exception to

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

MexicansnounUS /ˈmeksɪkənz/

plural of “mexican” — a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

muskateers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

raftersnounUS /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

SeveraladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

showeredverbUS /ˈʃaʊərd/

past form of “shower” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

SpaniardsnounUS /ˈspænjərdz/

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

templenounUS /ˈtempəl/

place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

teocalli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

terracenounUS /ˈterəs/

usually paved outdoor area adjoining a residence

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

Tlascalan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

topmostadjective

at or nearest to the top

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the courtyard of the temple, a body of Mexicans was drawn up to dispute his passage, but he charged them briskly, and, although the horses could not stand up and had to be returned to the Spanish quarters, the Aztecs were dispersed.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The warriors were drawn up on every terrace, as well as on the topmost platform, and showered down heavy stones, beams, and burning rafters.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The cavaliers and their Indian allies now pressed up to the flight of stone steps which led into the _teocalli_.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Several thousand of the Tlascalan allies were with him, and, at the head of three hundred chosen cavaliers, he now dashed from the palace.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading The Spaniards kept on, in spite of the fact that many of them were badly wounded by the falling beams and arrows, and, aided by a brisk fire from the muskateers below, soon drove the Aztecs to the broad summit of the _teocalli_.

Chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America by Charles H. L. (Charles Haven Ladd) Johnston holds 441 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America contain?

Chapter 5 holds 441 sentences of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America by Charles H. L. (Charles Haven Ladd) Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 441 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America

Common questions about reading Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America by Charles H. L. (Charles Haven Ladd) Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America?

Yes. All 4485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50415 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50415, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America take to read?

About 373 minutes of reading across 897 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America

Words and structures a reader meets early in Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Builders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lives
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Discoverers and Explorers of America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.