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Famous Men of the Middle Ages
Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.
He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.
At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.
Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.
He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.
Line 2
He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.
/hiː sed ðə kaʊnt wɑːz ə ˈtreɪtər ənd ðæt hiː wɑːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː meɪk wɔːr əˈɡenst roʊm/
Line 3
At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.
Line 4
Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.
Line 5
He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advised adjective US /ædˈvaɪzd/

having the benefit of careful prior consideration or counsel

From this reading “Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.”

Africa noun US /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading “Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.”

dismiss verb US /dɪˈsmɪs/

bar from attention or consideration

From this reading “Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.”

empress noun US /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading “At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.”

inviting adjective US /ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ/

attractive and tempting

From this reading “He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.”

Rome noun US /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading “He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.”

secretly adverb US /ˈsiːkrɪtli/

in secrecy; not openly

From this reading “At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.”

traitor noun US /ˈtreɪtər/

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading “He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

advisedadjectiveUS /ædˈvaɪzd/

having the benefit of careful prior consideration or counsel

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

Aetius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.

Bonifacenoun

(Roman Catholic Church) Anglo-Saxon missionary who was sent to Frisia and Germany to spread the Christian faith; was martyred in Frisia (680-754)

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

countverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

dismissverbUS /dɪˈsmɪs/

bar from attention or consideration

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

empressnounUS /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

Gensericnoun

king of the Vandals who seized Roman lands and invaded North Africa and sacked Rome (428-477)

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

invitingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ/

attractive and tempting

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

Placidia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

secretlyadverbUS /ˈsiːkrɪtli/

in secrecy; not openly

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Boniface believed this story, and he refused to return to Rome.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Aetius advised Placidia to dismiss Boniface and call him home from Africa.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

traitornounUS /ˈtreɪtər/

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He said the count was a traitor, and that he was going to make war against Rome.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He also sent a letter to Genseric, inviting him to come to Africa with an army.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading At the same time he wrote secretly to Count Boniface and told him that if he came to Rome the empress would put him to death.

Chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages by John H. (John Henry) Haaren holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages contain?

Chapter 2 holds 414 sentences of Famous Men of the Middle Ages, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages by John H. (John Henry) Haaren exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Famous Men of the Middle Ages?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Common questions about reading Famous Men of the Middle Ages by John H. (John Henry) Haaren on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Famous Men of the Middle Ages?

Yes. All 2429 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3725 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Famous Men of the Middle Ages is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3725, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Famous Men of the Middle Ages take to read?

About 202 minutes of reading across 486 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Famous Men of the Middle Ages section by section

How to work through Famous Men of the Middle Ages section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Words and structures a reader meets early in Famous Men of the Middle Ages, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Men of the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Men of the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Produced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Men of the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brett
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Men of the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.