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Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited
Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.
But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.
Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.
Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?
Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.
/wɪð ˈmɪstər ˈdɑːrwɪnz ˈɑːrɡjəmənt wiː meɪ seɪ ɪn ðə ˈaʊtset ðæt wiː ʃæl hæv mʌtʃ ənd ɡreɪv fɔːlt tuː faɪnd/
Line 2
But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.
Line 3
Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.
Line 4
Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?
Line 5
Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Darwin's noun US /ˈdɑːrwɪnz/

possessive form of “darwin” — English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading “With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.”

diversified adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrsəfaɪd/

having variety of character or form or components; or having increased variety

From this reading “Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.”

interdependence noun US /ˌɪntərdəˈpendəns/

a reciprocal relation between interdependent entities (objects or individuals or groups)

From this reading “Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.”

multiplication noun US /ˌmʌltəpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production

From this reading “Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?”

nectar noun US /ˈnektər/

a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators

From this reading “Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.”

sterility noun US /stərˈɪlɪti/

(of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms

From this reading “Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?”

suction noun US /ˈsʌkʃən/

a force over an area produced by a pressure difference

From this reading “Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?”

unpacking verb US /ənˈpækɪŋ/

-ing form of “unpack” — remove from its packing

From this reading “Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?”

All words in this reading · 134

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

admireverbUS /ædˈmaɪr/

feel admiration for

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

argumentnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

beesnounUS /biːz/

plural of “bee” — any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

bindverbUS /baɪnd/

stick to firmly

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

catsnounUS /kæts/

plural of “cat” — feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

chainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

clovernounUS /ˈkloʊvər/

a plant of the genus Trifolium

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

DarwinnounUS /ˈdɑːrwɪn/

English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

Darwin'snounUS /ˈdɑːrwɪnz/

possessive form of “darwin” — English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

dependverbUS /dɪˈpend/

be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

diminutionnounUS /ˌdɪməˈnuːʃən/

change toward something smaller or lower

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

diversifiedadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrsəfaɪd/

having variety of character or form or components; or having increased variety

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

examplesnounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəlz/

plural of “example” — an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

excellences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

experimentsnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənts/

plural of “experiment” — the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

fertilisationnoun

creation by the physical union of male and female gametes; of sperm and ova in an animal or pollen and ovule in a plant

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

fruitfulnessnoun

the quality of something that causes or assists healthy growth

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

game-preserves

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

humverbUS /hʌm/

sing with closed lips

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

humble-bees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

illustrationnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/

artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

interdependencenounUS /ˌɪntərdəˈpendəns/

a reciprocal relation between interdependent entities (objects or individuals or groups)

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

keepersnounUS /ˈkiːpərz/

plural of “keeper” — someone in charge of other people

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

latelyadverbUS /ˈleɪtli/

in the recent past

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

limine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

listenedverbUS /ˈlɪsənd/

past form of “listen” — hear with intention

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

mightyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪti/

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

multiplicationnounUS /ˌmʌltəpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

musicaladjectiveUS /ˈmjuːzɪkəl/

characterized by or capable of producing music

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

nectarnounUS /ˈnektər/

a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

outsetnounUS /ˈaʊtset/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

ponderousadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːndərəs/

slow and laborious because of weight

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

pratense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

sterilitynounUS /stərˈɪlɪti/

(of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

stretchesnounUS /ˈstretʃəz/

plural of “stretch” — a large and unbroken expanse or distance

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

suctionnounUS /ˈsʌkʃən/

a force over an area produced by a pressure difference

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

Trifoliumnoun

any leguminous plant having leaves divided into three leaflets

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

trunksnounUS /trʌŋks/

(used in the plural) trousers that end at or above the knee

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

unpackingverbUS /ənˈpækɪŋ/

-ing form of “unpack” — remove from its packing

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

unsuspectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnsəˈspektɪd/

not suspected or believed likely

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

vigilancenounUS /ˈvɪdʒələns/

the process of paying close and continuous attention

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

visitsnounUS /ˈvɪzɪts/

plural of “visit” — the act of going to see some person or place or thing for a short time

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

watchedverbUS /wɑːtʃt/

past form of “watch” — look attentively

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

webnounUS /web/

an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

well-guarded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With Mr. Darwin's "argument" we may say in the outset that we shall have much and grave fault to find.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Here, for instance, is a beautiful illustration of the wonderful interdependence of nature--of the golden chain of unsuspected relations which bind together all the mighty web which stretches from end to end of this full and most diversified earth.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading But this does not make us the less disposed to admire the singular excellences of his work; and we will seek _in limine_ to give our readers a few examples of these.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Who, as he listened to the musical hum of the great humble-bees, or marked their ponderous flight from flower to flower, and watched the unpacking of their trunks for their work of suction, would have supposed that the multiplication or diminution of their race, or the fruitfulness and sterility of the red clover, depend as directly on the vigilance of our cats as do those of our well-guarded game-preserves on the watching of our keepers?

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet this Mr. Darwin has discovered to be literally the case:-- From experiments which I have lately tried, I have found that the visits of bees are necessary for the fertilisation of some kinds of clover; but humble-bees alone visit the red clover (Trifolium pratense), as other bees cannot reach the nectar.

Chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited by R. Brimley (Reginald Brimley) [Editor] Johnson holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited contain?

Chapter 9 holds 402 sentences of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited by R. Brimley (Reginald Brimley) [Editor] Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #11251, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited

Words and structures a reader meets early in Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Famous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Famous Reviews, Selected and Edited; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Speeches
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First
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Series
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