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Fashion and Famine
Fashion and Famine

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine is here in full — 242 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fashion and Famine
Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
STRIFE FOR AN EARL.
Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.
All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!
It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.
Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fashion and Famine

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine is here in full — 242 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
STRIFE FOR AN EARL.
/straɪf fɔːr æn ɜːrl/
Line 2
Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.
Line 3
All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!
Line 4
It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.
/ɪt hæd bɪn ə ˈbrɪljənt ˈsiːzən ɪn ðə ˈfæʃənəbəl wɜːrld ðæt jɪr/
Line 5
Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fleeting adjective US /ˈfliːtɪŋ/

lasting for a markedly brief time

From this reading “All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!”

life's noun US /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!”

Newport noun US /ˈnuːpɔːrt/

a port city in southeastern Wales

From this reading “Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.”

Saratoga noun US /ˌserəˈtoʊɡə/

a species of large fish found in Australian rivers

From this reading “Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.”

span noun US /spæn/

the complete duration of something

From this reading “All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!”

splendor noun US /ˈsplen.dər/

Magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur and brilliance.

From this reading “Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.”

strife noun US /straɪf/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading “STRIFE FOR AN EARL.”

trivial adjective US /ˈtrɪviəl/

(informal) small and of little importance

From this reading “Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fashionable world adjective + noun

In this reading “It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.”

gather up verb + adjective

take and lift upward

In this reading “All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

ambitionnounUS /æmˈbɪʃən/

a cherished desire

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading STRIFE FOR AN EARL.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

ComeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

EARLnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading STRIFE FOR AN EARL.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

fashionableadjectiveUS /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

being or in accordance with current social fashions

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

fleetingadjectiveUS /ˈfliːtɪŋ/

lasting for a markedly brief time

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

fliesnounUS /flaɪz/

(theater) the space over the stage (out of view of the audience) used to store scenery (drop curtains)

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading STRIFE FOR AN EARL.

gaietynoun

a gay feeling

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

hot-beds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

life'snounUS /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

muteadjectiveUS /mjuːt/

expressed without speech

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

NewportnounUS /ˈnuːpɔːrt/

a port city in southeastern Wales

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

onwardadverbUS /ˈɔːnwərd/

forward in time or order or degree

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

SaratoganounUS /ˌserəˈtoʊɡə/

a species of large fish found in Australian rivers

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

soulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

spannounUS /spæn/

the complete duration of something

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

splendornounUS /ˈsplen.dər/

Magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur and brilliance.

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

STRIFEnounUS /straɪf/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading STRIFE FOR AN EARL.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

Thistledownnoun

pappus of a thistle consisting of silky featherlike hairs attached to the seed-like fruit of a thistle

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

trivialadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪviəl/

(informal) small and of little importance

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Saratoga and Newport were perfect hot-beds of gaiety, splendor and trivial ambition.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading Thistledown--Thistledown!--join the pursuit; While fashion flies onward, let wisdom be mute.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading It had been a brilliant season in the fashionable world that year.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading All pleasure is fleeting, and life's but a span, Come gather up, Thistledown, souls, while you can!

Chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens holds 242 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine contain?

Chapter 12 holds 242 sentences of Fashion and Famine, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 242 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Fashion and Famine?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fashion and Famine

Common questions about reading Fashion and Famine by Ann S. (Ann Sophia) Stephens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fashion and Famine?

Yes. All 7456 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40114 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fashion and Famine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40114, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fashion and Famine take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1492 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fashion and Famine section by section

How to work through Fashion and Famine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Fashion and Famine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fashion and Famine

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fashion and Famine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fashion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fashion and Famine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Famine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fashion and Famine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stephens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fashion and Famine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sorrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fashion and Famine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.