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Fated to Be Free: A Novel
Fated to Be Free: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel is here in full — 235 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fated to Be Free: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MR.
BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.
John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.
He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.
There was no mother to make lamentation.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fated to Be Free: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel is here in full — 235 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MR.
/ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.
Line 3
John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.
/dʒɑːn ˈmɔːrtɪmər θæŋks tuː ə strɔːŋ freɪm ənd æn ˈeksələnt ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən wɑːz suːn ˈeɪbəl tuː raɪz/
Line 4
He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.
Line 5
There was no mother to make lamentation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

comparison noun US /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading “BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.”

constitution noun US /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading “John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.”

gloom noun US /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading “He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.”

honourable adjective US /ˈɑːnərəbəl/

worthy of being honored; entitled to honor and respect

From this reading “BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.”

misfortunes noun US /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading “He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.”

Mortimer noun US /ˈmɔːrtɪmər/

English nobleman who deposed Edward II and was executed by Edward III (1287-1330)

From this reading “John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.”

overshadowing verb US /ˈoʊvərˈʃædoʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “overshadow” — be greater in significance than

From this reading “He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.”

spared verb US /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading “He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

BRANDON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

COMPARISONnounUS /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

constitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

frameverbUS /freɪm/

enclose in or as if in a frame

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

HONOURABLEadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnərəbəl/

worthy of being honored; entitled to honor and respect

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

Janie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

lamentationnoun

a cry of sorrow and grief

From this reading There was no mother to make lamentation.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

MADEadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading There was no mother to make lamentation.

misfortunesnounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

MortimernounUS /ˈmɔːrtɪmər/

English nobleman who deposed Edward II and was executed by Edward III (1287-1330)

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading There was no mother to make lamentation.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading MR.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no mother to make lamentation.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

overshadowingverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈʃædoʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “overshadow” — be greater in significance than

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

sorrownounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

sparedverbUS /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

SUBJECTnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

thanksnounUS /θæŋks/

an acknowledgment of appreciation

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BRANDON IS MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN HONOURABLE COMPARISON.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no mother to make lamentation.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading John Mortimer, thanks to a strong frame and an excellent constitution, was soon able to rise.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He stood by his little Janie when she was laid in the grave, and felt, when he could think about it, how completely he and his had been spared the natural sorrow they would have suffered by the overshadowing gloom of greater misfortunes.

Chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel by Jean Ingelow holds 235 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 235 sentences of Fated to Be Free: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel by Jean Ingelow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 235 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Fated to Be Free: A Novel?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fated to Be Free: A Novel

Common questions about reading Fated to Be Free: A Novel by Jean Ingelow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fated to Be Free: A Novel?

Yes. All 7171 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12303 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fated to Be Free: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12303, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fated to Be Free: A Novel take to read?

About 597 minutes of reading across 1435 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Fated to Be Free: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fated to Be Free: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lesson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fated to Be Free: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fated to Be Free: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eighteen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fated to Be Free: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tower
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fated to Be Free: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.